中等强度有氧运动对女大学生大脑结构影响的VBM研究  

A VBM study on the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the brain structure of female college students

作　　者：史冀龙 王君[3] 于勇 薛姣 侯莉娟[1] SHI Jiong;WANG Jun;YU Yong;XUE Jiao;HOU Lijuan(College of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Psychology,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment toward Basic Education Quality,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875 [2]上海体育大学心理学院,上海200438 [3]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875 [4]北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心,北京100875

出　　处：《磁共振成像》2024年第7期87-93,共7页Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:31971095)。

摘　　要：目的 采用基于体素的形态学测量(voxel-based morphometry, VBM)方法探讨中等强度有氧运动对高低有氧能力女大学生大脑灰质结构可塑性的影响。材料与方法 纳入24名健康女大学生为研究对象,按照最大摄氧量分为高低有氧组,对其进行16周规律性中等强度有氧运动干预。在有氧运动干预前后采集T1WI脑结构像数据,以VBM方法比较中等强度有氧运动干预前后,高低有氧组女大学生大脑灰质体积变化。结果 重复测量方差分析显示,经过中等强度有氧运动干预后,高低有氧能力女大学生的最大摄氧量均显著提升(P<0.001);低有氧能力女大学生在双侧颞上回/颞中回/缘上回/顶下小叶,右侧额中回/前扣带回/额内侧回灰质体积显著减小(GRF校正,体素水平P<0.001,团块水平P<0.01);高有氧能力女大学生在双侧额内侧回/前扣带回、左侧额中回/额下回、左侧颞上回/颞中回,右侧额上回/额下回/脑岛,右侧颞中回/颞下回灰质体积显著减小(GRF校正,体素水平P<0.001,团块水平P<0.01)。结论 中等强度有氧运动引起的女大学生大脑灰质结构的变化可能是运动引起大脑可塑性改变的机制之一,且与受试者的最大摄氧量存在一定的相关性。Objective:To investigate the effects of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the plasticity of gray matter in female college students with high and low aerobic capacity by voxel-based morphometry(VBM).Materials and Methods:Healthy female college students were included in the study and divided into high and low aerobic capacity groups based on their maximum oxygen uptake(VO_(2)max).They underwent a 16-week regimen of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise intervention.T1-weighted brain structural images were collected before and after the aerobic exercise intervention,and changes in brain gray matter volume in the high and low aerobic capacity groups were compared using voxel-based morphometry(VBM).Results:Repeated measures ANOVA showed that after the intervention of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise,there was a significant increase in the VO_(2)max among both high and low aerobic capacity female college students(P<0.001).In female students with low aerobic capacity,there was a significant reduction in gray matter volume in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus/middle temporal gyrus/supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule,and right medial frontal gyrus/anterior cingulate gyrus/medial frontal gyrus(GRF corrected,voxel-level P<0.001,cluster-level P<0.01).In high aerobic capacity female students,significant reductions in gray matter volume were observed in the bilateral medial frontal gyrus/anterior cingulate gyrus,left medial frontal gyrus/inferior frontal gyrus,left superior temporal gyrus/middle temporal gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus/inferior frontal gyrus/insula,and right middle temporal gyrus/inferior temporal gyrus(GRF corrected,voxel-level P<0.001,cluster-level P<0.01).Conclusions:changes in gray matter structure in female college students induced by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may be one of the mechanisms of brain plasticity induced by exercise.Moreover,these changes were correlated with the VO_(2)max of the participants.

关 键 词：中等强度有氧运动 基于体素的形态学 磁共振成像 有氧能力 脑可塑性 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R455[医药卫生—诊断学]