玻璃材料的宏微观辐照效应  

Macroscopic and microscopic radiation effects on glass materials

作　　者：魏来 凌雪 吴俊豪 郑卫芳[3] 张立国[4] 张伟华 崔一南 WEI Lai;LING Xue;WU JunHao;ZHENG WeiFang;ZHANG LiGuo;ZHANG WeiHua;CUI YiNan(School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Applied Mechanics,Ministry of Education,School of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Institute of Radiochemistry,Chinese Academy of Atomic Energy Sciences,Beijing 102413,China;Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)工程技术学院,北京100083 [2]清华大学航天航空学院,应用力学教育部重点实验室,北京100084 [3]中国原子能科学研究院放射化学研究所,北京102413 [4]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2024年第8期1-26,共26页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(编号:2022YFB4603000);国家自然科学基金(编号:12222205,12172194)资助项目。

摘　　要：玻璃材料在核工业及航天航空、深空探测等领域发挥着重要的作用.然而,强辐照效应常常会导致玻璃材料变色、脆化、光学性能退化等,极大制约了其服役的可靠性和耐久性.设计抗辐照玻璃的核心便是深入理解其辐照损伤的宏微观物理过程,然而鲜有论文对其展开深入系统的总结和论述.本文从辐照效应的位移损伤和离子损伤原子级物理图像出发,阐述了玻璃中色心缺陷的形成机制,综述了损伤演化带来的光学及力热特性的变化,继而总结了不同损伤特征的实验监测方法及宏微观损伤的多尺度计算方法和模型,旨在为抗辐照及耐辐照玻璃设计提供指导和依据.Glass materials are crucial in fields including nuclear industry,aerospace,and deep space exploration but can have a significant impact on the materials,leading to severe issues such as color changes,increased brittleness,and a reduction in optical performance.The fundamental challenge in designing irradiation-resistant glass is gaining an understanding of the macroscopic and microscopic physical processes involved in irradiation damage.Despite its importance,a few papers provide an in-depth and systematic discussion of this critical issue.We aim to address this gap in the literature.First,we explore the atomic-level physics of displacement and ion damages caused by irradiation.Next,we discuss the formation mechanism of color center defects in glass.Subsequently,we summarize the changes in the optical,mechanical,and thermal properties resulting from damage evolution.Furthermore,we discuss experimental monitoring methods for irradiation damage types and multiscale simulation and modeling methods for macroscopic and microscopic irradiation damage of glass material.This paper is a roadmap for the design of radiation-resistant or radiation-tolerant glass.

关 键 词：抗辐照玻璃 辐照效应 多尺度模拟 掺杂改性 

分 类 号：TQ171.1[化学工程—玻璃工业]