孕期体重增长及脂质代谢对GDM发病风险的影响及饮食管理对策研究  

Impact of Weight Gain and Lipid Metabolism During Pregnancy on the Risk of GDM and Dietary Management Strategies

作　　者：张德英 李可可 Zhang Deying;Li Keke(Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Affiliated Hospital of Yellow River University of Science and Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan,450000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河科技学院附属医院妇产科围保,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2024年第16期1929-1931,1935,共4页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:观察孕期体重增长及脂质代谢对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)发病风险的影响,并探讨饮食管理对策。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年6月黄河科技学院附属医院就诊的138例待产产妇作为研究对象,根据是否合并GDM将产妇分为病例组(68例)和对照组(70例)。收集两组产妇的一般资料及临床资料,比较两组产妇孕期体重增长情况及脂质代谢情况,通过Pearson相关性系数分析孕期体重增长及脂质代谢指标的关系,并以此为依据制定饮食管理对策。结果:两组产妇孕期身体质量指数(BMI)均有一定增长,且病例组产妇孕中期、孕晚期BMI高于对照组,体重增长值也高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=2.670、3.790、13.231,P<0.05);病例组孕期甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=18.387、7.485、11.720、5.767,P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性系数分析,随孕期BMI、体重增长指数越大,TG、TC、LDL-C水平升高,HDL-C水平降低,GDM的发病风险更高(r=0.325、0.311、0.322、0.326、0.335、0.366、-0.211,P<0.05)。结论:GDM发生与孕期体重增长及脂质代谢异常密切相关,基于上述指标实施针对性饮食管理十分必要。Objective:To observe the impact of weight gain and lipid metabolism during pregnancy on the risk of developing GDM,and explore dietary management strategies.Methods:Selecting 138 expectant mothers from the hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 as the research subjects.A retrospective study was conducted,and the enrolled patients were divided into the case group(68 cases)and the control group(70 cases)based on whether GDM was combined.General and clinical data of the two groups of patients were collected,and the pregnancy weight gain and lipid metabolism of the two groups of mothers were compared.The relationship between weight gain during pregnancy and lipid metabolism indicators through Pearson correlation coefficient was compared,and develop dietary management strategies based on this.Results:The pregnancy BMI of the two groups was increasing.The mid and late pregnancy BMI were higher than that of the control group with statistically significant difference(t=2.670,3.790,13.231;P<0.05).The pregnancy of TG,TC and LDL-C were higher than those of the control group.The HDL-C was lower than that of the control group with statistically significant difference(t=18.387,7.485,11.720,5.767;P<0.05).According to pearson correlation coefficient analysis,as the BMI and body weight gain index during pregnancy increase,the levels of TG,TC,and LDL-C increase,while the levels of HDL-C decrease,resulting in a higher risk of developing GDM(r=0.325,0.311,0.322,0.326,0.335,0.366,-0.211;P<0.05).Conclusion:The occurrence of GDM is closely related to weight gain and abnormal lipid metabolism during pregnancy,and it is necessary to implement targeted dietary management based on the above indicators.

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 孕期体重增长 脂质代谢 相关性分析 饮食管理 

分 类 号：R781.64[医药卫生—口腔医学]