从华文教育看缅甸华人身份认同的差异与变迁  

Differences and Transformations of the Identity of the Overseas Chinese in Myanmar in the Perspective of Chinese-language Education

作　　者：刘权 LIU Quan(Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州财经大学,贵阳550025

出　　处：《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期127-135,共9页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：缅甸华文教育是一种由缅甸华人创办的华语教育和中华文化传承模式,其在不同时期呈现出不同的境遇和特点。缅甸华文教育的生存和发展受到缅甸族群政治、语言政策、中缅关系等因素的影响。在过去的研究中,海外华文教育一直被视为建构海外华人身份认同的重要方式,但是海外华文教育如何反映海外华人身份认同的差异与历史变迁这一议题,至今还未得到学界应有的重视。本文通过田野调查的方法,关注缅甸华人身份认同与华文教育之间的关系,认为不同的华文教育模式是不同华人群体持有不同身份认同的表征。例如,缅甸华文教育中的母语教学方式和二语教学模式分别反映了不同祖籍地华人的身份认同。而缅甸华文教育近年来出现的一些新的趋势和特征,可视为缅甸华人身份认同代际变迁的关键依据。The Chinese-language education in Myanmar is a model created by the overseas Chinese in Myanmar,which consists of both Chinese-language education and the inheritance of Chinese culture,and it varies in different historical periods and has different characteristics.The survival and development of the overseas Chinese-language education in Myanmar is influenced by ethnic politics,language policies,Sino-Myanmar relations,etc.In the previous studies,overseas Chinese-language education has been regarded as an important way to construct the overseas Chinese identity,but the topic of how overseas Chinese-language education reflects the differences and historical transformations of the overseas Chinese identity has not yet received due attention from the academic community.Based on the fieldwork,this article focuses on the relationship between the identity of the overseas Chinese and the overseas Chinese-language education in Myanmar,and argues that different models of overseas Chinese-language education are symptomatic of the different identities held by different overseas Chinese groups.For example,the mother-tongue and second-language teaching models of overseas Chinese-language education in Myanmar reflect the identities of some Chinese from different ancestral lands respectively,while some emerging trends and characteristics of the overseas Chinese-language education in Myanmar in recent years can be regarded as a key basis for intergenerational changes in the identity of the overseas Chinese in Myanmar.

关 键 词：缅甸 华文教育 身份认同 代际变迁 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]