对比三种单摆实验测量工具并利用Tracker软件探究锥摆运动  

Three Experimental Measurement Tools for Single Pendulum were Compared,and the Cone Pendulum Motion was Explored by Tracker Software

作　　者：成立贤 周正凯 李明洋 王玉新[1] CHENG Lixian;ZHOU Zhengkai;LI Mingyang;WANG Yuxin(School of Physics and Electronic Technology,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学物理与电子技术学院,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2024年第4期115-120,共6页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：2022年辽宁省教育厅项目(LJKMZ20221429);辽宁师范大学教学改革项目(LSJG202227)。

摘　　要：单摆测量重力加速度是大学物理实验中的一项基本内容,也是测量重力加速度的一种常规方法,实验中通常使用智能手机、多功能计时器、Tracker软件三种测量工具进行周期测量,利用固定单摆摆长直接计算和改变单摆摆长使用最小二乘法间接计算两种测量方法,对三种测量工具的精度进行了对比。实验结果表明,三种测量工具的精度由高到低依次是:Tracker软件、多功能计时器、智能手机。实验中,单摆周期往往受圆锥摆运动的影响而产生误差,使用Tracker软件分析得出:单摆做圆锥摆运动将导致所测重力加速度偏小。The measurement of gravitational acceleration by a single pendulum is a basic content in the physics experiment of the university,and it is also a conventional method to measure the acceleration of gravity,in the experiment,three measurement tools are usually used to measure the period,such as a smart phone,a multi-function timer and Tracker software.The experimental results show that the accuracy of the three measurement tools is in descending order:Tracker software,multi-function timer,and smart phone.In the experiment,the single pendulum period is often affected by the movement of the conic pendulum and produces errors,and the analysis of Tracker software shows that the movement of the single pendulum will lead to the small gravitational acceleration of the measured gravity.

关 键 词：单摆实验 重力加速度 测量工具 Tracker软件 圆锥摆 

分 类 号：O4-33[理学—物理]