UML模型在信息系统需求分析中的应用  

The application of UML model in information system requirements analysis

作　　者：胡振章 张治坤 Hu Zhenzhang;Zhang Zhikun(Technology Department of Guangxi Zhishang Digital Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530000,China;Software R&D Department of Guangxi Bolian Information and Communication Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanning 530023,China)

机构地区：[1]广西智尚数字科技有限公司技术部,南宁530000 [2]广西博联信息通信技术有限责任公司软件研发部,南宁530023

出　　处：《现代计算机》2024年第12期62-66,78,共6页Modern Computer

摘　　要：系统需求分析是软件信息系统开发活动的起始环节,使用UML模型进行软件需求分析是目前面向对象的需求分析方法的一种重要方法,根据不同软件系统的需求描述,选取适当的UML分析模型从不同的角度对需求中的功能点进行描述,可以使系统用户、需求分析人员以及未来的设计开发人员能通过多个角度观察目标系统的应用场景、业务流程、系统对象的状态变化;从抽象的维度了解目标系统的功能、系统对象之间的关系、业务规则和约束。通过一个用于车辆管理的信息化系统的需求分析过程,分别探讨了用例图、活动图(业务流程图)、状态转换图三种UML模型的适用场景和使用方法,以及在实践工作中的注意事项。为相似的信息化系统的需求分析实践提供一种可供参考的操作方法。System requirement analysis,as the starting point of software information system development activities,using UML models for software requirement analysis is currently an important method of object-oriented requirement analysis.Based on the requirement description of different software systems,selecting appropriate UML analysis models to describe the functional points in the requirements from different perspectives can enable system users to Requirements analysts and future design and development personnel can observe the application scenarios,business processes,and changes in the state of system objects of the target system from multiple perspectives;Understand the functionality of the target system,the relationships between system objects,business rules,and constraints from an abstract perspective.Through the requirement analysis process of an information system for vehicle management,this paper explores the applicable scenarios and usage methods of three UML models:use case diagram,activity diagram(business process diagram),and state transition diagram,as well as the precautions in practical work.Provide a reference operation method for the requirement analysis practice of similar information systems.

关 键 词：UML 需求分析 用例图 活动图 状态图 

分 类 号：TP311.52[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]