可见光-近红外无人机载高光谱成像仪设计与验证  

Design and validation of visible-near infrared hyperspectral imager for UAV

作　　者：鲁纳川 LU Nachuan(National Key Laboratory of Uranium Resource Exploration-Mining and Nuclear Remote Sensing,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]铀资源探采与核遥感全国重点实验室,北京100029 [2]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2024年第4期780-791,共12页World Nuclear Geoscience

基　　金：中核集团集中研发项目“第四代铀矿勘查关键技术研究与示范”(第一阶段)项目:“新型关键勘查技术装备研制”(编号:遥SD03-03)资助。

摘　　要：为克服无人机高光谱遥感发展过程中的成本昂贵、拍摄效率低下和地物分类结果不准确等制约因素的影响,自主研制出适用于多旋翼无人机搭载的国产轻小型可见光-近红外高光谱成像仪,全波段和视场在截止频率的平均故障时间(Mean Time to Failure,MTF)均高于0.83,光谱分辨率优于2.8 nm;成像仪与多旋翼无人机、电源、POS/IMU、稳定平台完成系统集成。在此基础上,以鄱阳湖南湖村和新疆杨庄岩体西北部为研究区,进行仪器试验应用。利用鄱阳湖南湖村获取数据像元曲线与ASD地面光谱仪同步实测的典型地物光谱进行对比分析,验证成像仪的光谱准确性,ASD地面光谱仪同步实测的典型地物光谱与无人机载高光谱影像同名地物光谱吻合度较高。经光谱重建和光谱角分类实验,结果表明:地物分类结果较为准确。新疆杨庄岩体西北部区段真彩色影像与航空有人机高光谱获取的CASI图像,赤铁矿识别与填图结果表明,成像仪在地质领域有较好应用效果,可用于更高比例尺的地质填图。总之,研制的轻小型可见光-近红外高光谱成像仪可为我国地质、生态环境等领域的调查提供一种新的技术手段。In order to overcome the short come of high cost imported UAV hyperspectral imager,low shooting efficiency and accuracy of object classification of hyperspectral remote sensing,this paper developed a domestic light and small visibal-near infrared(VNIR)hyperspectral imager suitable for multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV).The MTF of the full band and field of view at the cutoff frequency is higher than 0.83.The spectral resolution is better than 2.8nm.The system is integrated with the imager,multi-rotor UAV,power supply,POS/IMU and stable platform.The imager was validated in Nanhu Village of Poyang Lake and the northwest part of Yangzhuang Pluton in Xinjiang.The pixel curve obtained from Nanhu Village of Poyang Lake was compared with the synchronously measured spectra of ASD ground spectrometer,It was found that the spectra of the hyperspectral images obtained by UAV imager were in good agreement with the spectra of typical ground objects synchronously measured by ASD ground spectrometer.The experimental results of spectral reconstruction and spectral Angle classification show that the spectral curve obtained by the UAV imager is in good agreement with the ground measurement.The comparison of the true color image of the northwestern part of Yangzhuang pluton by the airbore CASI hyperspectral image,the identified hematite to that of the UAV hyperspectral imager also show good agreement and application effect in higher resolution geological mapping.In short,the light and small visible light near-infrared hyperspectral imager developed in this paper can provide a new technical means for the investigation of geology,ecological environment and other fields in China.

关 键 词：高光谱成像仪 无人机载高光谱成像仪系统 旋翼无人机 

分 类 号：P627[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P628[天文地球—地质学]