驾驶场景模拟和RP-SP调查结合的交通安全标志效用评价  

Evaluation of the Utility of Traffic Safety Signs Combinedwith Driving Scenario Simulation and RP-SP Surve

作　　者：秦雅琴[1] 刘思雨 钱正富 郭淼 QIN Yaqin;LIU Siyu;QIAN Zhengfu;GUO Miao(Faculty of Transportation Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学交通工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期237-248,共12页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71861016);云南省交通运输厅科技创新及示范项目(2023-121,2022-23-3);云南省交通运输厅公路安全与减灾防灾关键技术研究项目(SZKM202231022).

摘　　要：为避免传统驾驶模拟和实车实验进行道路交通安全标志效用评价成本高、效率低及风险大等问题,提出基于问卷调查的道路交通安全标志效用评价方法.利用RP(Revealed Preference)-SP(Stated Preference)问卷获取了520名受访者对10种不同典型道路交通安全标志驾驶环境模拟场景的选择偏好数据,经统计和检验表明:数据可信度高、效度好且各变量间不存在显著的多重共线性;基于道路交通安全标志和驾驶人信息认知过程,提出显著性、警示性和语义可理解性作为道路交通安全标志效用评价指标,并进行了定义;采用熵权-CRITIC法对各评价指标进行组合权重赋权,进而运用逼近理想值排序法对道路交通安全标志效用进行评价.结果表明:警告类设施相较于诱导类设施表现出更好的效用,其中“连续弯路”和“注意牲畜”的效用最高达0.830;在相同的道路交通安全标志场景下,基于问卷调查的道路交通安全标志效用评价结果与基于驾驶模拟实验的结果具有一致性.基于问卷调查的道路交通安全标志效用评价方法具有一定的可行性,能够为道路交通安全标志效用评估提供重要的参考依据.To avoid the problems of high cost,low efficiency and high risk of traditional driving simulation and real-vehicle experiments for evaluating the utility of road traffic safety signs,this paper proposes a questionnaire-based method for assessing the utility of road traffic safety signs.The RP(Revealed Preference)-SP(Stated Preference)questionnaire was used to obtain the preference data of 520 respondents on the choice of 10 different typical driving environment simulation scenarios of road traffic safety signs,and the statistics and tests show that:the data are highly reliable,the validity is good,and there is no significant multiple covariance between the variables;based on the information cognitive process of road traffic safety signs and drivers,salience,warning and semantic comprehensibility are proposed as the evaluation indices of road traffic safety signs and defined;the entropy weight-CRITIC method is adopted to assign combined weights to the evaluation indexes,and then the Approximate Ideal Value Sorting Method is applied to evaluate the utility of road traffic safety signs.The results show that the warning facilities show better utility than the guidance facilities,among which the utility of“Continuous curved road”and“Attention to livestock”reaches up to 0.830;under the same road safety sign scenario,the utility evaluation results of the questionnaire-based road safety signs are different from those of the questionnaire-based road safety sign scenario.Under the same road safety sign scenario,the questionnaire-based road safety signs'evaluation results are consistent with the driving simulation experiment's results.The questionnaire-based road safety sign utility evaluation method is feasible and can provide an important reference basis for road safety sign utility evaluation.

关 键 词：交通安全标志效用 RP-SP问卷调查 TOPSIS法 熵权-CRITIC法 组合赋权 

分 类 号：U492.8[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]