橡胶木防霉、腐处理工艺的研究进展  

Research Progress of Anti-mildew and Anti-decay Treatment Technology in Rubberwood

作　　者：袁豪黎 周逸君 邓书端[1] 罗蓓[1] MIZI Fan 夏炎[1] YUAN Hao-li;ZHOU Yi-jun;DENG Shu-duan;LUO Bei;MIZI Fan;XIA Yan(Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan,P.R.China;Brunel University London,London UB83PH,United Kingdom)

机构地区：[1]云南省木材胶黏剂及胶合制品重点实验室西南林业大学,云南昆明650224 [2]Brunel University London,United Kingdom London UB83PH

出　　处：《林产工业》2024年第8期16-20,共5页China Forest Products Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(32260362,31860186);云南省外国专家重点项目(202305AO350009);云南省农业基础研究联合专项(202101BD070001-058);云南省基础研究重点项目(202201AS070152)。

摘　　要：橡胶木的糖分、淀粉组分含量比一般树种高,为真菌生长提供了丰富的营养介质,容易导致其霉变、腐朽,进而劣化,通过防霉、防腐处理能够有效改善橡胶木的耐霉变、耐腐朽性能,从而提高橡胶木的使用寿命。综述了橡胶木防霉、防腐处理的主要工艺及优缺点,化学处理手段可以有效改善橡胶木木材的防霉、防腐性能,但易污染环境且对人类、家畜等生物造成危害。当前,绿色防治处理手段因对环境、人畜影响小而备受关注,其防霉、防腐效果虽不及化学处理手段,但联合其他处理手段可以有效地改善橡胶木对菌/虫的防治效果。因此在橡胶木防霉、防腐处理工艺的研究过程中,采取何种措施降低毒性、减少成本、简化工艺、提高性能以及开发提取天然抑菌材料是该领域的研究重点。The rubberwood is susceptible to mildew,decay even deterioration by fungi,bacteria and insects,due to the rich nutrients which provided by the higher contents of sugar and starch components of rubberwood.Therefore,the rubberwood needs to be modified to anti-mildew and anti-decay to prolong its service life.The main processes,advantages and disadvantages of modification technologies(anti-mildew and anti-decay treatment)of rubberwood were reviewed.Chemical modification approaches can effectively improve the mold resistance and decay resistance of rubberwood,however these chemical agents are prone to environmental pollution even have impacts on human and animal health.At present,green modification methods attracted growing attentions due to their low impact on the environment,human-beings and livestock.Though the anti-mold and anti-decay effects are not as good as chemical treatment methods,combination of the green modification methods with other treatment methods can effectively improve the mold resistance and decay resistance of rubberwood against fungi,bacteria and insects.In consequent,how to decrease the toxicity,reduce the costs,simplify the process and improve the performances,including extract the natural anti-fungal materials from natural resources are the hot issues and emphasis.

关 键 词：橡胶木 防霉 防腐 化学处理 绿色防治 

分 类 号：TS6[轻工技术与工程] TS396