潴龙河中完全氨氧化微生物活性与N_(2)O产生潜势的时空变化特征  

Spatial and temporal variations in microbial activity and nitrous oxide production potential of complete ammonia oxidizers in the Zhulong River

作　　者：周禹廷 王晓玲[1] 秦瑜 姜丽萍 兰邦瑞 肖满义 金禹成 祝贵兵[2] ZHOU Yuting;WANG Xiaoling;QIN Yu;JIANG Liping;LAN Bangrui;XIAO Manyi;JIN Yucheng;ZHU Guibing(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Jilin Jianzhu University,Changchun 130118;Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085)

机构地区：[1]吉林建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,长春130118 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,中国科学院饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第8期323-336,共14页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.92251304);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类先导专项)(No.XDB0750400);中国科学院生态环境研究中心“双碳”项目(No.RCEES-TDZ-2021-20)。

摘　　要：完全氨氧化细菌(Complete Ammonia Oxidizer,Comammox)的发现进一步完善了人们对硝化过程的认识.Comammox细菌被发现广泛分布于自然和人工生态系统中,相较于其他好氧氨氧化微生物,有关其在季节性河流中对氨氮的转化与氧化亚氮产生潜势的研究相对匮乏.本研究采用选择性抑制剂实验,结合宏基因组测序和氨单加氧酶(amo A)特异性分析等方法,探究不同水文时期季节性河流潴龙河岸边带表层土壤与开阔水域表层沉积物(0~10 cm)中Comammox等好氧氨氧化微生物的活性、产氧化亚氮(N_(2)O)潜势、分布情况、群落结构、共生模式及关键环境因子.结果表明,Comammox等好氧氨氧化微生物的氨氧化速率和产N_(2)O潜势具有显著的时间异质性.丰水期的总N_(2)O产生潜势((0.53±0.59) ng·g^(-1)·d^(-1))显著高于枯水期((0.10±0.26) ng·g^(-1)·d^(-1))(p<0.05).Comammox的氨氧化速率((0.16±0.04) mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))与产N_(2)O潜势((0.24±0.07) ng·g^(-1)·d^(-1))均低于氨氧化细菌,但高于氨氧化古菌.Comammox等好氧氨氧化微生物的群落结构与α多样性具有时间异质性,在丰水期中具有更相似的群落结构与生态特征.pH值是影响Comammox等好氧氨氧化微生物的氨氧化速率、N_(2)O产生潜势及微生物丰度的关键因子(p<0.05).Comammox等好氧氨氧化微生物之间同时存在着竞争与互利共生关系.本研究对季节性河流中完全氨氧化微生物活性与N_(2)O产生潜势的时空变化特征进行了补充,可为河流氮污染治理方案与温室气体减排策略提供研究基础.The discovery of complete ammonia oxidizer(Comammox)bacteria has significantly advanced our understanding of the microbial nitrification processes.Comammox bacteria have been detected across diverse natural and artificial ecosystems.However,the contribution of Comammox bacteria to ammonia transformation and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)production in seasonal rivers has been relatively poorly studied.In this study,we employed selective inhibitor technologies and metagenomic sequencing to investigate aerobic ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms,including Comammox,ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB),and ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA),in the riparian zone soil/sediments and open water surface sediments(0~10 cm)along the seasonal river during different hydrological periods.The objective of the study was to investigate the distribution,activity,community,interactions and key environmental factors of these microorganisms.Results showed that significant temporal heterogeneity was observed in the ammonia oxidation rate and N_(2)O production potential of Comammox,AOB,and AOA.The total N_(2)O production potential during the rainy season((0.53±0.59)ng·g^(-1)·d^(-1))was significantly higher than that during the dry season((0.10±0.26)ng·g^(-1)·d^(-1))(p<0.05).Furthermore,Comammox had lower ammonia oxidation rates((0.16±0.04)mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1))and potential for producing nitrogen oxide((0.24±0.07)ng·g^(-1)·d^(-1))than AOB but higher than AOA.During the rainy season,the community andα-diversity of Comammox,AOA,and AOB exhibited a closer similarity in both structure and ecological characteristics.Among the physicochemical factors,pH was found to be the critical factor affecting Comammox,AOA and AOB in terms of the ammonia oxidation rate,the potential for N_(2)O production,and the microbial abundance(p<0.05).The analysis demonstrates that AOA,AOB,and Comammox were competing for nitrogen sources.Additionally,the molecular ecological network analysis revealed a mutualistic relationship dominated by positive correlations between AOA,AOB,

关 键 词：完全氨氧化 氨氧化细菌 氨氧化古菌 氧化亚氮 宏基因组 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]