叶家山西周墓地出土成组铜礼器的相关问题研究  

Study of Issues Concerning Bronze Ritual Vessel Sets Unearthed from the Western Zhou Cemetery at Yejiashan

作　　者：郁永彬 常怀颖[2] 陈坤龙 陈丽新 黄凤春 梅建军[5] 陈建立[6] Yu Yongbin

机构地区：[1]国家文物局考古研究中心,北京市100013 [2]中国社会科学院考古研究所,北京市100101 [3]北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院,北京市100083 [4]湖北省文物考古研究院,武汉市430077 [5]剑桥大学麦克唐纳考古研究所,英国剑桥市CB23ER [6]北京大学考古文博学院,北京市100871

出　　处：《考古》2024年第7期92-104,F0002,共14页Archaeology

摘　　要：前言湖北随州叶家山墓地是西周早期的高等级贵族墓地,布局清晰,保存完整,葬制特殊,随葬器物种类多、数量大,备受学界关注[1]。M28、M65和M111三座墓尤为重要。M28和M65出土了“曾侯谏”铭文铜器[2]。M111出土15件“曾侯”铭文铜容器,另有2件“曾侯犺乍宝尊彝”铭文铜簋和1件“犺乍刺(烈)考南公宝尊彝”铭文铜方座簋,可知该墓墓主应是“曾侯犺”[3]。学界普遍认为,叶家山墓地应是一处曾国家族墓地。Most large and medium-sized tombs at the Yejiashan cemetery have yielded sets of bronze ritual vessels.Most of these vessels have similar or identical alloy compositions,suggesting that they were made from metals mixed in the same proportions.A few vessels,however,have different alloy compositions,indicating they might have been separately manufactured and assembled into sets later.This variation is also reflected by the styles,decorations,and inscriptions of vessels,suggesting an early emergence of the"graded set of tripods ding"'system during the early Western Zhou period.These sets of bronze ritual vessels might have been produced in batches,with items from the same set found in different tombs,potentially cast in multiple production runs.Vessels in sets with similar alloy compositions also share identical lead isotope ratios,indicating that they were made from metals mixed in the same proportions.Conversely,some sets assembled from individually made vessels have varied lead isotope ratios.These findings are significant for understanding the production and distribution of bronze vessels during the Western Zhou period.

关 键 词：叶家山墓地 铜礼器 铅同位素 曾国 西周 

分 类 号：K876.4[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]