动态地理背景下过度饮酒行为的时空特征及影响因素——以广州市中心城区为例  

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Excessive Drinking and its Influencing Factors in a Dynamic Geographic Context:A Case Study of Central Guangzhou,China

作　　者：文隽永 周素红[1,2] 李双明 WEN Juanyong;ZHOU Suhong;LI Shuangming(School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China;Guangdong Public Safety and Disaster Engineering Technology Research Center,Guangzhou 510275,China;Guangzhou Emergency Medical Command Center,Guangzhou 510062,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510006 [2]广东省公共安全与灾害工程技术研究中心,广州510275 [3]广州市急救医疗指挥中心,广州510062

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2024年第8期1794-1810,共17页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42271234)。

摘　　要：过度饮酒的危害是中国乃至全球面临的问题。本研究结合经典理论构建过度饮酒行为与地理环境关系的理论框架,使用广州市急救医疗指挥中心受理的公众急性酒精中毒呼叫记录、手机信令等多源时空数据,探究动态地理背景下过度饮酒行为的时空特征及影响因素。结果显示:(1)过度饮酒行为在时间上多发于周末和夜间,在空间上集中于城市商业中心;其空间分布在日间较为均衡,而在夜间较为集聚;(2)过度饮酒行为受酒精可获得性的影响,其与社区的KTV、交通站点密集度正相关。KTV的正向影响在日间主要体现在旧城区,在夜间体现在旧城区、近郊区和开发区,夜间的影响相对明显;交通站点的正向影响主要体现在近郊区,且在日间相对明显;(3)过度饮酒行为也受部分空间失序因素的影响,其与所在社区的土地建成率正相关,但与建筑楼龄、街景脏乱度等关系不显著。土地建成率的正向影响主要体现在新城区的景观风貌核心地区以及城郊结合部的城中村社区,且在日间相对明显;(4)过度饮酒行为与社会失序的关系较为复杂且时空分异性较强,其整体上与社区的外地出生人口比例负相关,与低教育人口比例和住宅租金正相关。(5)按照日间和夜间过度饮酒行为影响因素的聚类,分别划分不同的类型区,可针对这些类型区实施差异化的干预措施,以降低过度饮酒的危害。研究揭示了动态地理背景和较小空间尺度下过度饮酒行为与地理环境的关系,弥补了以往的相关研究对动态地理背景和时空异质性考虑不足、分析尺度较大等局限,相关结果能为酒精政策制定和完善、地区治安和卫生资源配置、城乡空间规划设计和相关健康问题的环境干预措施提供参考。The harms of excessive drinking are important issues faced by China and other countries around the world.Previous studies have identified certain relationships between drinking behaviors and environmental factors,with limited consideration of the dynamic geographic context and spatiotemporal heterogeneity of these relationships.This study constructs a theoretical framework for the relationships between excessive drinking and geographical environment factors(i.e.,alcohol availability,spatial disorder,and social disorder).Using multisource spatiotemporal data,including the alcoholism cases received by Guangzhou Emergency Medical Command Center and mobile signaling data,the study explores the spatiotemporal patterns and the influencing factors of excessive drinking in a dynamic geographic context.Results show that:(1) Excessive drinking events mostly occur on weekends,at night,and in urban commercial centers.Its spatial distribution is balanced in the daytime but congregated in the nighttime;(2) Excessive drinking is influenced by alcohol availability(positively correlated with the density of KTVs and traffic stations).The positive impact of KTVs is prominent in the old urban area in the daytime and is prominent in more areas in the nighttime.The positive impact of traffic stations is mainly observed at the edge of central urban area and in suburban areas,and is relatively stronger in the daytime;(3) Excessive drinking is also affected by certain spatial disorder factors(positively correlated with the land development level),but has no significant relationship with building age and streetscape messiness.The positive impact of land development level is prominent in the new urban scenic core area and the urban villages a t t h e u r b a n-r u r a l f r inge,with a stronger impact in the daytime;(4) The relationship between excessive drinking and social disorder shows greater spatiotemporal differentiation and complexity.Overall,excessive drinking is negatively correlated with the proportion of nonlocal-born population

关 键 词：健康地理 犯罪地理 地理加权回归 急救数据 过度饮酒 酒精中毒 动态地理背景 地理环境 时空特征 

分 类 号：D917[政治法律—法学]