抗蛇行减振器布置对动力车横向动力学性能影响及机理研究  

Research on Influence and Mechanism of Yaw Damper Layout on Lateral Dynamics Performance for Power Car

作　　者：李广 吴毅 姚远[2] 邓小星 陈国胜 LI Guang;WU Yi;YAO Yuan;DENG Xiaoxing;CHEN Guosheng(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Bogie R&D Department,CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [3]株洲电力机车有限公司转向架研发部,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第8期30-36,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3400705);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(K2023J051);国家自然科学基金(52372403)。

摘　　要：为解释国内某同等级两种不同款动力集中动车组动力车实际运行中表现出的横向平稳性特征差异,针对该动力车分别采用四种抗蛇行减振器布置方式进行动力学仿真对比研究。通过Simpack软件建立整车动力学模型,分析抗蛇行减振器横向安装角对车体前后端横向平稳性及其差异的影响,利用模态分析法探究其对蛇行稳定性与车体横移摇头模态相位差影响。此外,引入抗蛇行减振器附加横向力与力矩相位角,以阐释布置方式对动力车横向平稳性影响机理。结果表明:对于抗蛇行减振器开口向内布置,减小横向安装角对动力车横向动力学性能有利;开口向外布置时,适当的横向安装角有利于改善横向平稳性和蛇行稳定性,明显减小甚至消除车体前后端横向平稳性差异;斜对称和反斜对称布置时,横向安装角对动力车横向动力学性能影响较小,但易形成较大的车体前后端平稳性差异。建议该B0-B0型动力车采用抗蛇行减振器开口向外布置,且横向安装角的选取范围为3°~5°。In order to explain the difference in lateral ride comfort characteristics regarding two types of domestic power cars of power concentrated EMUs of the same level in actual operation,a comparative dynamics simulation research was conducted on the power car using four typical layouts of yaw dampers.By establishing corresponding dynamics model of power car through the commercial software Simpack,the influence of the lateral installation angle of yaw dampers on lateral ride comfort and the difference between the carbody’s front and rear ends was investigated.The modal analysis method was utilized to explore the impact of the lateral installation angle on hunting stability and the phase lag between the carbody’s lateral and yaw motions.In addition,the phase lag between the additional lateral force and torque produced from the yaw damper was introduced to interpret the influence mechanism of the layout on lateral ride comfort for the power car.The results show that when the power car adopts the yaw damper layout with the opening inward,reducing the lateral installation angle of yaw dampers can improve the lateral dynamics performance.With the layout of opening outward employed by the power car,an appropriate lateral installation angle is required and conducive to lateral ride comfort and hunting stability,significantly reducing or even eliminating the difference in lateral ride comfort between the carbody’s front and rear ends.Under the skew-symmetric or anti skew-symmetric yaw damper layout of the power car,the lateral installation angle has minor effect on the lateral dynamics behaviors of the power car,but with a large difference likely to be formed in lateral ride comfort between the front and rear ends of the carbody.Hence,it is suggested that the layout of opening outward should be employed for the power car with a B 0-B 0 axle arrangement,with the selection range of the lateral installation angle of 3°~5°.

关 键 词：动力车 抗蛇行减振器布置 横向平稳性 蛇行稳定性 受力分析 

分 类 号：U270.11[机械工程—车辆工程]