马铃薯干替代玉米对生长育肥猪生长性能、肉质性状和血常规指标的影响  

Effects of Substituting Dried Potatoes for Corn on Growth Performance,Meat Quality Traits and Routine Blood Indexes of Growing-finishing Pigs

作　　者：颜港 邢天琦 王钰滨 江山 张帅 许迪 张坤 王梦影 梁晶[1] 兰干球[1,2] 李奎 黄三文 YAN Gang;XING Tianqi;WANG Yubin;JIANG Shan;ZHANG Shuai;XU Di;ZHANG Kun;WANG Mengying;LIANG Jing;LAN Ganqiu;LI Kui;HUANG Sanwen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shenzhen 518116,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,南宁530004 [2]中国农业科学院深圳农业基因组研究所,深圳518116

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2024年第8期3345-3354,共10页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(2021B0301030004);广西大学研究生院福喜乐分院专项(福喜乐20210001)。

摘　　要：[目的]通过研究添加不同比例的马铃薯干对生长育肥猪的生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质和血常规指标的影响,探讨马铃薯在猪饲粮中替代玉米的适宜比例及对猪生长的影响,为马铃薯的猪用饲料化利用提供科学依据。[方法]将192头体重相近(33.0 kg±3.2 kg)的健康三元杂交(杜洛克猪×长白猪×大白猪)生长育肥猪,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复8头猪,公母各半。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别将基础饲粮中玉米总量占比的10%、20%、30%用等量的马铃薯干替代,饲喂120 d,测定各组猪的生长性能、胴体性状、背最长肌肉质性状和血常规指标。[结果]与对照组相比,饲粮中添加10%、20%和30%马铃薯干对育肥猪生长性能、胴体性状和血常规等大部分指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);30%马铃薯添加组育肥猪的眼肌面积显著提高(P<0.05),20%和30%马铃薯添加组背膘厚显著降低(P<0.05);添加20%和30%马铃薯干显著提高背最长肌肌内脂肪含量(P<0.05)和45 min肉色亮度(L*值)(P<0.05),显著降低肌肉剪切力(P<0.05),肌肉滴水损失有随马铃薯含量升高而降低的趋势(0.05≤P<0.1);10%马铃薯添加组育肥猪血液红细胞压积和红细胞分布宽度显著提高(P<0.05)。[结论]添加10%的马铃薯干会显著提高部分与贫血相关的红细胞指标,添加20%、30%马铃薯干会显著降低生长育肥猪背膘厚,并增加肌内脂肪含量,降低肌肉剪切力。综合考虑,生长育肥猪饲粮中马铃薯干添加量以20%~30%为宜。[Objective]This experiment was aimed to investigate the impact of incorporating varying proportions of dried potatoes into the diets of growing and fattening pigs on their growth performance,carcass traits,meat quality,and routine blood indexes.The primary objective was to determine the optimal ratio of potatoes substitution for corn in pig rations and assess its effects on pig performance,thereby providing a scientific foundation for the utilization of potatoes as pig feed.[Method]A total of 192 healthy three-way crossbred(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)growing and fattening pigs(half male and half female)with similar weights(33.0 kg±3.2 kg)were randomly divided into four groups,6 replicates per group and 8 pigs per replicate.The pigs in control group received the basal diet,while the pigs in experimental groups were fed diets in which 10%,20%and 30%of the total corn content in the basal diet was replaced with an equivalent amount of dried potatoes.This feeding regimen was maintained for 120 days,during which the growth performance,carcass traits,meat quality traits,and blood indexes of each group were assessed.[Result]The inclusion of 10%,20%and 30%dried potatoes in the ration did not cause significant effects on most of the indices related to fattening pig growth performance,carcass traits,and routine blood(P>0.05)compared to control group.However,the eye muscle area of fattening pigs in 30%potatoes addition group exhibited a significant increase(P<0.05).Moreover,a significant reduction in backfat thickness was observed with the addition of 20%and 30%dried potatoes(P<0.05).Regarding meat quality,the incorporation of 20%and 30%dried potatoes led to a significant increase in intramuscular fat content of longissimus dorsi muscle(P<0.05)and meat color brightness(L*45 min)(P<0.05),and a significant decrease in muscle shear strength(P<0.05).There was a tendency for the drip loss rate to decrease with increasing potatoes content(0.05≤P<0.1).The addition of 10%dried potato significantly increased the hematocrit and d

关 键 词：马铃薯干 胴体性状 生长性能 肉质性状 血常规指标 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]