髓鞘再生的抑制因素和促进髓鞘再生策略的研究进展  

Research Progress of the Inhibitory Factors for Myelin Regeneration and Strategies to Promote Myelin Regeneration

作　　者：李晓慧 陈莹 宋丽娟 马东[2] 尉杰忠[3] 王青 马存根 LI Xiaohui;CHEN Ying;SONG Lijuan;MA Dong;YU Jiezhong;WANG Qing;MA Cungen(The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Research Center of Neurobiology,Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Jinzhong 030619,China;Key Laboratory of Neurological Disease Prevention and Treatment of Shanxi Provincial Health Commission,Department of Neurosurgery,Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital,Datong 037003,China;Research Institute of Brain Science,Shanxi Datong University,Datong 037009,China)

机构地区：[1]山西中医药大学神经生物学研究中心国家中医药管理局多发性硬化益气活血重点研究室,山西晋中030619 [2]国药同煤集团总医院神经外科山西省卫健委神经疾病防治研究重点实验室,山西大同037003 [3]山西大同大学脑科学研究所,山西大同037009

出　　处：《医学综述》2024年第18期2183-2187,共5页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：“四个一批”科技兴医创新计划项目(2020TD05);山西省科技创新青年人才团队项目(202204051001028);山西中医药大学学科建设经费项目(2024XKJS-02);山西中医药大学科技创新能力培育计划“青年科学家培育专题”项目(2021PY-QN-09);山西中医药大学科技创新团队项目(2022TD2010)。

摘　　要：在多发性硬化(MS)等脱髓鞘性疾病中,髓鞘的损伤与再生过程扮演至关重要的角色。少突胶质细胞(OLs)和少突胶质细胞前体细胞(OPCs)是这一过程的核心,它们负责新髓鞘的形成与损伤后的修复。髓鞘碎片的及时清除对于髓鞘再生至关重要,胶质细胞的功能调节在这一过程中起着中心作用。富含亮氨酸重复序列和免疫球蛋白结构域的Nogo受体相互作用蛋白-1的抑制,以及芬戈莫德等药物的应用可以显著促进髓鞘的修复和再生。此外,靶向药物和分子疗法的开发可直接影响OLs和OPCs的功能,从而有效促进髓鞘的修复和再生。未来MS综合治疗体系(包括药物疗法、基因编辑技术及干细胞技术)的应用,可从多个层面干预和修复髓鞘损伤,为患者提供更为个性化和有效的治疗方案。In demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis(MS),myelin damage and regenerative processes play crucial roles.Oligodendrocytes(OLs)and oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)are central to the process,which are responsible for the formation of new myelin sheaths and repair after injury.Timely removal of myelin debris is critical for remyelination,and the functional regulation of glial cells plays a central role in this process.The inhibition of leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin domain-containing Nogo receptor-interacting protein-1,and the application of drugs such as Fingolimod can significantly promote myelin repair and regeneration.Moreover,the development of targeted drugs and molecular therapies effectively promotes the repair and regeneration of the myelin sheath by directly affecting the function of OLs and OPCs.The application of comprehensive MS treatment system(including drug therapy,gene editing technology,and stem cell technology)in the future can intervene and repair myelin sheath injury from multiple levels,providing the patients with more individualized and effective treatment plans.

关 键 词：髓鞘再生 少突胶质细胞前体细胞 信号分子 治疗手段 

分 类 号：R744[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]