对《辅行诀》中大黄味咸记载的探讨  

Discussion of"salty"flavor of Rheum officinale in Fuxingjue

作　　者：龚宗玉 郭红叶[2] 张盛敏[1] 金锐 GONG Zong-yu;GUO Hong-ye;ZHANG Sheng-min;JIN Rui(Luzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Luzhou Sichuan 646000;Xiyuan Hospital,Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science,Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]泸州市中医医院,四川泸州646000 [2]中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京100091

出　　处：《中南药学》2024年第8期2095-2099,共5页Central South Pharmacy

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(No.CI2021A03805)。

摘　　要：从《神农本草经》记载至今,大黄药味为苦味,而敦煌遗书《辅行诀》二十五味药精中记载大黄为火中木,属于咸味药,与历代本草中大黄味苦的定义不同。且从《辅行诀》中收载的“汤液经法图”体系看,味苦泻心清热,味咸泻肺通便,以泻下为主的大黄似乎更应属于咸味。本文通过查阅有关大黄基源、别名、产地、功效等信息的历代本草记载,结合“汤液经法图”理论体系中五味的作用特点对大黄的法象药理和功效药理进行匹配分析,并对含有大黄的三黄泻心汤、大承气汤和大陷胸汤进行方解,论证大黄归属为咸味的可能性。旨在为以“汤液经法图”理论为基础、以法象药理与功效药理相结合为途径的中药药味认识及大黄的临床组方配伍应用提供新的思路。From the Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica to the present day,Rheum officinale(Da huang)taste of rhubarb is bitter,while the Dunhuang ancient book Fuxingjue records that Rheum officinale is a type of salty medicine,belonging to the category of wood in fire,which is different from the definition of bitter taste of Rheum officinale in traditional Chinese medicine throughout history.Moreover,from the"Tang-ye-jing-fa map"system included in the Fuxingjue,it can be seen that Rheum officinale,which has a bitter taste and can clear the heart and heat,and a salty taste that can clear the lungs and promote bowel movements,is more likely to have a salty taste.This article conducts a matching analysis of the pharmacological and functional properties of Rheum officinale by consulting historical herbal records related to its origin,alias,origin,and efficacy,combined with the characteristics of the five flavors in the theoretical system of"Tang-ye-jing-fa map".It also explains the formulas of Sanhuang Xiexin decoction,Dachengqi decoction and Daxianxiong decoction containing Rheum officinale,demonstrating the possibility of Rheum officinale having a salty taste.Intended to provide new ideas for the understanding of traditional Chinese medicine taste and the clinical formulation and compatibility application of rhubarb based on the theory of"Tang-ye-jing-fa map"and combining pharmacological theory and efficacy pharmacology.

关 键 词：大黄 五味 药性 汤液经法图 咸味 辅行诀 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]