用六经气化学说解释“肝为罢极之本”  

Explanation on“liver is the root of Ba Ji”from the theory of six meridians and Qi transformation theory

作　　者：仲斯琪 王强[2] ZHONG Siqi

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,天津300000 [2]天津中医药大学第二附属医院,天津300000

出　　处：《中医临床研究》2024年第19期31-34,共4页Clinical Journal Of Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：“肝为罢极之本”理论出自《黄帝内经》:“心者,生之本,神之变也……肺者,气之本,魄之处也……肾者,主蛰封藏之本,精之处也……肝者,罢极之本,魂之居也……脾胃大肠小肠三焦膀胱者,仓廪之本,营之居也。”“肝为罢极之本”与“生之本”“气之本”“封藏之本”“仓廪之本”一样,皆是对五脏生理功能的概括。历代医家对“罢极之本”的解释纷纭,有的学者认为“罢极”应作“疲劳”“耐受疲劳”解;也有人因肝主疏泄的功能将“罢极”理解为“敷和”之义。笔者经导师指点,查阅多方资料后认为“罢”字,音应为bà,意为终止、结束;“极”则是终极、尽头。按照六经气化理论来看,肝为厥阴风木主令之脏。厥阴风木之气,在天为风,在地为木,在人即为肝及心包,厥阴肝木为主导。厥阴风木当令之时,自然界由极寒转温,阴极而阳欲生,阳出则惠风和畅,是为春生之气。导师认为,肝为罢极之本,意思是肝具有使人体平稳度过六气中太阳寒水到厥阴风木所主节气的功能,“罢极”二字合在一起,有冬去春来、阴极阳生的含义。这种由万物潜藏到升发的过程是天地之气运动的结果,人体的气血阴阳、五脏六腑也是应天地之气运动而生,有能使人体适应这种变化的能力,即为“罢极之本”的本质。The theory of“liver is the root of the Ba Ji(罢极)”comes from Huangdi Neijing(《黄帝内经》).The book recorded that“The heart is the root of life,where the vitality is…The lung is the root of Qi(气),where the corporeal soul is…The kidney is the root of storing essence,where the essence is…The Liver is the root of Ba Ji,where the ethereal soul is…The spleen,stomach,large intestine,small intestine,triple energizer bladder are the roots of the granary,where the nutrient Qi is…”“Liver is the root of the Ba Ji”,like other roots,is a generalization of the physiological functions of the five internal organs.There were various interpretations of“Ba Ji”by medical experts in the past dynasties.Some people believed that“Ba Ji”should be understood as“fatigue”and“overcoming fatigue”,while others understand“Ba Ji”as“Fu He”(敷和)because of the function of liver controlling catharsis.Under the guidance of the teacher and after consulting various materials,the author believes that the pronunciation of the word“Ba”should be Bà,meaning termination and finish.“Ji”means the end.According to the theory of six meridians and Qi transformation,wind is transformed by the wood Qi of Jueyin meridian(厥阴经),which is called wind in heaven,wood in earth,and liver in human.Foot Jueyin meridian(足厥阴经)is dominated by Fengmu(风木).When Jueyin meridian is dominant,the natural environment often changes from extremely cold to warm.Yin develops to the end,and Yang begins to occur.It contains the meaning of winter goes away and spring comes back,the temperature rises and everything wakes up.This article believes that“the liver is the root of the Ba Ji”,which means that the liver has the function of enabling the human body to pass though winter to spring smoothly.Therefore,the word“Ba Ji”has the meaning that winter goes to spring and Yin goes to Yang.This process from the hidden to the rising of all things is the law of the movement of heaven and earth.The Qi,blood,Yin

关 键 词：肝 六经气化学说 乌梅丸 五运 六气 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论]