鲁北地区史前农业的起源  

The Origin of Prehistoric Agriculture in the Northern Shandong Region

作　　者：王爱民 封占龙 Wang Aimin;Feng Zhanlong

机构地区：[1]山东航空学院人文学院 [2]沾化博物馆

出　　处：《农业考古》2024年第4期26-34,共9页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目“史前时期鲁北地区文明进程的考古学研究”(项目编号:23CKGJ01)。

摘　　要：鲁北泰沂山脉北麓山前平原地带是海岱文化区农业出现最早的地区。后李文化多个遗址中都发现有新石器时代早期的粟、黍、稻等农作物遗存,耕作、收割类农具以及农作物脱壳、加工工具。早于后李文化的赵家徐姚、扁扁洞等遗址中发现的磨制石器、陶器、用火遗迹等,为后李文化农业溯源提供了线索。鲁北地区种植的粟、黍等作物可能是本地起源。晚更新世至早全新世过渡时期的气候波动造成的食物短缺,全新世海侵造成的活动空间缩减,人口增长带来的生存压力,以及山前冲积平原相对优越的自然条件,共同促生了鲁北地区农业萌芽。农业的不断发展为鲁北地区带来一系列经济、社会变革,是海岱文明产生和发展的动力。The plain in front of the north foothills of the Taiyi mountain range in northern Shandong is the area where agriculture first appeared in the Haidai Cultural Area.In multiple sites of the Houli culture,remnants of early Neolithic crops such as millet,broomcorn millet,and rice,as well as agricultural tools for cultivation and harvesting,and tools for hulling and processing crops,have been found.The discovery of ground stone tools,pottery,and fire relics in the Zhaojiaxuyao village and Bianbian cave sites,which predated the Houli culture,provides clues for tracing the origin of agriculture in the Houli culture.The crops such as millet and broomcorn millet planted in the northern region of Shandong may have local origins,which were jointly related to the food shortage caused by climate fluctuations during the transition period from the Late Pleistocene to the Early Holocene,the reduction of activity space caused by the Holocene marine invasion,the survival pressure brought by population growth,and the relatively superior natural conditions of the mountain front alluvial plain.The development of agriculture has brought a series of economic and social changes to the northern region of Shandong,being the driving force behind the emergence and development of the Haidai civilization.

关 键 词：鲁北地区 农业起源 气候变迁 人口压力 自然环境 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]