段玉裁《说文解字注》说解中能愿动词反映的“理必”思想  

The “Theoretical Necessity” Thought of Modal Verbs in Duan Yucai's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Zhu

作　　者：王德毅 WANG Deyi(School of Culture and Communication,Shenyang City University,Shenyang,China 110112;School of Education,Tianjin University,Tianjin,China 300350)

机构地区：[1]沈阳城市学院文化与传播学院,辽宁沈阳110112 [2]天津大学教育学院,天津300350

出　　处：《温州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期89-98,共10页Journal of Wenzhou University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：能愿动词是指能用在谓语前表示客观必要性的动词,从逻辑推理、句法结构、语义内涵、训诂用法等角度出发,对段玉裁《说文解字注》中的能愿动词“应”“能”“可”“得”进行研究,有利于揭示这些能愿动词所体现出的“理论必然性”,进而发覆段玉裁的“理必”思想。通过分析11个例子发现,这些能愿动词常常用于演绎推理、归纳推理的前提条件以及结论当中,起到总领逻辑推理、列出事实依据、概括总结结论、突出强调结论、补充说明结论、连接前提结论、校勘订正讹误、单独举出特例等作用,已然成了一种“理必标志词”,为阐释段玉裁《说文解字注》中的“理论必然性”提供了另一分析进路。Modal verbs refer to verbs that can be used before predicates to express objective necessity.Examining the modal verbs of “Ying”,“Neng”,“Ke” and “De” in Duan Yucai's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Zhu from the perspectives of logical reasoning,syntactic structure,semantic connotation,and exegesis usage,is beneficial for revealing the “Theoretical Necessity” embodied by these modal verbs and further explaining Duan Yucai's“Theoretical Necessity” thought.Through the analysis of 11 examples,it is found that these modal verbs are often used in deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning as premises and conclusions,playing essential roles such as leading logical reasoning,listing factual basis,summarizing conclusions,emphasizing conclusions,supplementing explanations of conclusions,connecting premises and conclusions,emending errors,and providing exceptions.They have become a kind of “Theoretical Necessity Marker”,offering another analytical approach to elucidating the “Theoretical Necessity” in Duan Yucai's Shuo Wen Jie Zi Zhu.

关 键 词：段玉裁 《说文解字注》 能愿动词 “理必”思想 

分 类 号：H0-06[语言文字—语言学]