广西不同绿肥油菜品种的养分累积差异及富硒品种筛选  

Differences in Nutrient Accumulation of Different Green Manure Rape Varieties and Selection of Selenium-enriched Varieties in Guangxi

作　　者：贾海江[1] 路丹[2] 范晓苏 石保峰 张宏旺[2] 丘益明 黄崇峻[1] 沈方科[2] JIA Haijiang;LU Dan;FAN Xiaosu;SHI Baofeng;ZHANG Hongwang;QIU Yiming;HUANG Chongjun;SHEN Fangke(China Tobacco Guangxi Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Nanning,Guangxi 530001;Agricultural College/National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Plant Science,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004;Hezhou Branch,Guangxi Tobacco Corporation,Hezhou,Guangxi 542899,China)

机构地区：[1]广西中烟工业有限责任公司,广西南宁530001 [2]广西大学农学院/植物科学国家级实验教学示范中心,广西南宁530004 [3]广西壮族自治区烟草公司贺州市公司,广西贺州542899

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第8期8-18,共11页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西中烟工业有限责任公司科技计划项目“广西K326植烟区土壤肥力分析与调控技术研究及应用”(2021450000340040);广西中烟工业有限责任公司项目“真龙卷烟生态富硒特色烟叶生产关键技术研究与应用”(20160726);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380160)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明不同绿肥油菜品种的养分差异及对土壤硒富集效应,为丰富绿肥油菜品种及广西富硒土壤资源应用提供理论依据。【方法】以川油36(CY36)、丰油823(FY823)和沣油919(FY919)等19个绿肥油菜品种为研究对象,采用盆栽试验,研究不同品种生物量,氮、磷、钾和钙养分累积差异及对土壤硒吸收、富集的响应。【结果】不同绿肥油菜品种之间的地上部生物量、地下部生物量和总生物量均存在一定差异。地上部干生物量为4.49~6.62 g/盆,地下部为0.14~0.84 g/盆;总干生物量为4.82~7.14 g/盆。总生物量前3位的中双9号、沣油958和南油12显著高于生物量最低的3个品种(花油8号、川油36和华湘油12号);地上部氮、磷、钾和钙养分含量分别为8.86~19.64 g/kg、 0.69~2.24 g/kg、 13.07~37.68 g/kg和11.82~34.23 g/kg。浙油51号和花油6号地上部和地下部的养分含量均较高。氮、磷、钾和钙含量综合评分排序前3位的油菜品种为浙油51、中双10号和花油6号。硒含量地上部为0.095~0.369 mg/kg,地下部为0.160~0.579 mg/kg;全株硒含量为0.111~0.382 mg/kg;沣油919、绵油88和圣光86的地上部、地下部和全株硒含量较高,均显著高于其他油菜品种;硒总累积量在0.552~2.286μg/盆,沣油919和绵油88显著高于其他油菜品种。【结论】综合各品种的养分累积量和硒素吸收特性,沣油919、绵油88和圣光86的富硒能力较强,可作为广西富硒土壤资源高效利用的绿肥油菜品种。【Objective】The nutrient differences of different green manure rape varieties and their effects on soil selenium enrichment were explored to provide a theoretical basis for enriching green manure rape varieties and the utilization of selenium-rich soil resources in Guangxi.【Method】The pot experiment was conducted to investigate the biomass and nutrient accumulation variations in nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and calcium among 19 green manure rape varieties,including Chuanyou 36(CY36),Fengyou 823(FY823),and Fengyou 919(FY919),as well as their responses to soil selenium absorption and enrichment.【Result】There were significant variations observed in the aboveground biomass,underground biomass and total biomass among different green manure rape varieties.The dry aboveground biomass ranged from 4.49 g/pot to 6.62 g/pot,while the underground biomass ranged from 0.14 g/pot to 0.84 g/pot.The total dry biomass varied between 4.82 g/pot and 7.14 g/pot.The top three cultivars,namely ZS9,FY958,and NY12,exhibited significantly higher total biomass compared to the three cultivars with the lowest total biomass(HY8,CY36,and HXY12).Additionally,the aboveground nitrogen content ranged from 8.86 g/kg to 19.64 g/kg,phosphorus content ranged from 0.69 g/kg to 2.24g/kg,potassium content ranged from 13.07 g/kg to 37.68 g/kg,and calcium content ranged from 11.82 g/kg to 34.23g/kg.The nutrient contents of the aboveground and underground parts of ZY51 and HY6 exhibited higher levels.The rapeseed varieties ZY51,ZS10,and HY6 had achieved the highest comprehensive scores for nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and calcium content.The selenium content in the aboveground part ranged from 0.095 mg/kg to 0.369 mg/kg,while in the underground part it ranged from 0.160 mg/kg to 0.579 mg/kg,and in the whole plant it ranged from 0.111mg/kg to 0.382 mg/kg.The selenium contents of FY919,MY88 and SG86 in aboveground,underground,and whole plant parts were found to be higher compared to other varieties of rape.The total selenium accumulation ranged f

关 键 词：绿肥油菜 生物量 养分累积 硒含量 转移系数 广西 

分 类 号：S553[农业科学—作物学]