初中生与高中生的心理韧性差异及其与非自杀性自伤的关系  

Relationship between Psychological Resilience and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Middle and High School Students

作　　者：胡幸钰 李艳玉 刘金红 张金苹 习文静 黄鹏[3,4] HU Xing-yu;LI Yan-yu;LIU Jin-hong;ZHANG Jin-ping;XI Wen-jing;HUANG Peng(School of Public Health,Jiangxi Medical College,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China;School of Economics and Management,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China;Center for Evidence-Based Medicine,School of Public Health,Jiangxi Medical College,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine,Jiangxi Medical College,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330006,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学公共卫生学院,南昌330006 [2]南昌大学经济管理学院,南昌330006 [3]南昌大学公共卫生学院循证医学中心,南昌330006 [4]江西省预防医学重点实验室,南昌330006

出　　处：《伤害医学（电子版）》2024年第1期44-50,共7页Injury Medicine（Electronic Edition）

基　　金：南昌大学大学生创新训练项目(2023CX187)。

摘　　要：目的 了解初中生与高中生的心理韧性差异及其与非自杀性自伤(NSSI)的关系,为预防NSSI提供理论支持和实践指导。方法于2023年3月在江西省3所中学采用分层整群抽样方法共抽取3 372名中学生(其中初中生1 730人,高中生1 642人;男生1 908人,女生1 464人)作为研究对象,使用自制的调查表、渥太华自伤量表、青少年心理韧性量表进行现场调查,并使用卡方检验、t检验、Logistic回归等统计方法进行分析。结果初中生的心理韧性总分低于高中生(P<0.05),其中初中生的目标专注、情绪控制、积极认知、家庭支持得分均低于高中生(P<0.05);男生的目标专注、情绪控制、积极认知上的得分均高于女生(P<0.05)。中学生NSSI检出率为34.40%,其中初中生高于高中生(P<0.05),女生高于男生(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,情绪控制(OR=0.904,95%CI:0.889,0.919)、积极认知(OR=0.958,95%CI:0.936,0.982)、家庭支持(OR=0.967,95%CI:0.950,0.983)、人际协助(OR=0.956,95%CI:0.941,0.971)与NSSI检出率呈负相关(P<0.05);初中生(OR=1.336,95%CI:1.142,1.562)、担任班干部(OR=1.280,95%CI:1.080,1.517)、就读于南昌大学附属中学(OR=2.065,95%CI:1.658,2.572)或崇仁县第二中学(OR=1.390,95%CI:1.175,1.650)者发生NSSI的风险较大(P<0.05)。结论 心理韧性存在年级和性别差异,且与中学生NSSI的发生有一定关系。应积极关注心理韧性低的学生(特别是初中生)并加强心理健康教育。Objective To understand differences in psychological resilience between middle-and high-school students,and their relationships with non-suicidal self-injury,and to provide practical guidance for the prevention of non-suicidal self-injury.Methods In March 2023,a total of 3372 students(1730 from junior high and 1642 from high schools;with 1908 boys and I 464 girls)were selected from in three middle schools in the Jiangxi Province,using the stratified whole group sampling method.They were surveyed on-site using self-administered questionnaires,the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory,and the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents.The collected data were analyzed using statistical methods such as chi-square test,t-test,and logistic regression.Results Middle school students had lower total psychological resilience scores than high school students(P<0.05),and middle school students scored lower on goal focus,emotional control,positive cognitions,and family support than did high school students(P<0.05).The scores on goal focus,emotional control,and positive cognition of boys were higher than those of girls(P<0.05).Prevalence of NSSI in the student population reached 34.40%,with middle school students higher than high school students,and girls higher than boys(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that emotional control(OR=0.904,95%CI-0.889,0.919),positive cognition(OR-0.958,95%CI-0.936,0.982),family support(OR-0.967,95%CI=0.950,0.983),interpersonal assistance(OR=0.956,95%CI-0.941,0.971),were negatively correlated with the detection rate of NSSI(P<0.05);junior high school students(OR=1.336,95%CI-1.142,1.562),those who were class cadres(OR=1.280,95%CI-1.080,1.517).Those who attended the High School Affiliated to Nanchang University(OR-2.065,95%CI-1.658,2.572)or the NO.2 Middle School of Chongren(OR-1.390,95%CI-1.175,1.650)had a greater risk of NSSI(P<0.05).Conclusion There are grade and gender differences in psychological resilience between the two groups of students with a relationship of NSSI occurence in

关 键 词：非自杀性自伤 心理韧性 中学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学] R179[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]