自适应时窗多道相关的叠后地震波阻抗反演方法  

Post⁃stack seismic impedance inversion method with multi⁃channel correlation under adaptive window

作　　者：彭真 许辉群[1] 张伟 PENG Zhen;XU Huiqun;ZHANG Wei(College of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources,Yangtze University,Wuhan,Hubei 430100,China;New Resources Geophysical Exploration Division,BGP Inc.,CNPC,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072751,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]东方地球物理公司新兴物探开发处,河北涿州072751

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2024年第4期828-836,共9页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探开发研究院地球物理重点实验室开放基金资助课题“考虑标签与网络适应性的高分辨率地震波阻抗反演技术”(2022-KFKT-25)资助。

摘　　要：目前提高反演横向连续性的主要手段仍是基于模型参数先验信息假设的正则化方法,当先验信息与实际情况矛盾时,正则化方法会出现问题。为此,基于多道反演理论和方法,提出一种自适应时窗多道相关的叠后地震波阻抗反演方法。首先,利用主动学习的思想,通过查询原始地震数据筛选地震数据关键特征的位置;其次,根据上述位置将地震数据划分为不同尺度的时窗,有助于断层信息保护以及异常体边界识别;再次,根据点乘计算自适应时窗内地震道之间的相关性;最后,通过“加权求和”地震道得到重构地震道——反演目标泛函的约束条件。所提方法借助主动学习以及地震数据局部相关的思想,较好地反映了自适应时窗内的多道间的相关性,并且可并行化处理。模型测试和实际数据测试表明,所提方法反演结果的横向连续性较好,且可以兼顾特殊构造信息,但计算效率较低,在浅、深层速度差异较大的区域存在一定局限性,适用于具有特殊构造的狭小地区。At present,the main way to improve the lateral continuity of inversion is still the regularization method based on the assumption of prior information of model parameters.When the prior information contra⁃dicts the actual situation,the regularization method will have problems.Therefore,based on the theory and method of multi⁃channel inversion,a post⁃stack seismic impedance inversion method with multi⁃channel correla⁃tion under an adaptive window is proposed.Firstly,using the idea of active learning,the position of key fea⁃tures of seismic data is screened by querying the original seismic data.Secondly,the seismic data are divided into time windows of different scales according to the above locations,which is helpful for fault information pro⁃tection and abnormal body boundary identification.Thirdly,the correlation between seismic traces in the adap⁃tive window is calculated according to the dot multiplication.Finally,the“weighted sum”seismic trace is used to obtain the reconstructed seismic trace,which is the constraint condition of the inversion objective function.With the help of the idea of active learning and local correlation of seismic data,the proposed method can better reflect the correlation between multiple channels in the adaptive window and can be processed in pa⁃rallel.The model test and the field data test show that the proposed method has good lateral continuity of inversion results,and can take into account the special structural information.However,the computational efficiency is low,and there are some limitations in the shallow and deep areas with large speed differences,making the proposed method suitable for narrow areas with special structures.

关 键 词：自适应时窗 多道相关 横向连续性 相关性 地震波阻抗反演 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]