甘肃西和锑矿生态破坏区优势物种生态位及种间联结性  

Niche and Interspecific Association Characteristics of Dominant Plants in Antimony Mining Damaged Ecological Site in Xihe,Gansu

作　　者：杜忠毓 邢文黎 党宁 赵维彬 谭许脉 肖江 盖旭 陈光才[1] DU Zhongyu;XING Wenli;DANG Ning;ZHAO Weibin;TAN Xumai;XIAO Jiang;GAI Xu;CHEN Guangcai(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,ChineseAcademy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2024年第7期1036-1047,共12页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划场地污染土壤成因与治理技术专项项目(2020YFC1807704)。

摘　　要：种间关系能够揭示植物群落的物种共存特征及演替规律,对于矿区植被恢复和管理具有指导意义。以甘肃西和锑矿生态破坏区为研究对象,基于生态学原理,采用生态位测定、方差比率(V_(R))、χ^(2)检验、种间联结系数(A_(C))和Pearson相关系数等方法,分析了该区优势植物的生态位和种间联结特征。结果表明,1)锑矿生态破坏区发现物种35科73属90种,多为菊科(Asteraceae)和豆科(Fabaceae)物种,重要值最大的灌木和草本植物分别为马桑(Coriaria nepalensis)(42.3%)和白茅(Imperata cylindrica)(9.48%);而对照区则有物种43科86属105种,重要值最大的灌木和草本植物分别为平枝荀子(Cotoneaster horizontalis)(10.6%)和薹草(Carexspp.)(21.6%)。2)锑矿生态破坏区灌木层物种间生态位重叠值大于0.50的有7对(占比33.3%),其中灌木层小叶锦鸡儿(Caragana microphylla)与密蒙花(Buddleja officinalis)和插田藨(Rubus coreanus),草本层荩草(Arthraxon hispidus)与紫花香薷(Elsholtzia argyi)和华蟹甲(Sinacalia tangutica)的生态位重叠值均为1.00,表明该类植物对资源利用较为相似。3)锑矿生态破坏区灌木层物种总体负联结,灌木层稳定性较弱,而草本层物种总体呈显著正联结,表明锑矿生态破坏区植物群落仍处于演替前期阶段。总之,需要进一步加强锑矿生态破坏区植物群落的正向演替,未来可以适当引种乡土且有正联结的物种,例如马桑和薹草等,结合补充当地土壤种子库的种子,以促进植物群落演化,进而形成稳定的植物群落。该研究揭示了锑矿生态破坏区植物群落优势物种的种间关系,为人工促进受损系统的植被恢复提供基础数据和理论依据。Interspecific relationships among plants can reveal the characteristics of coexistence and succession laws of plant communities in mining-damaged ecosystems.This information is crucial for the restoration and management of the plant communities in mining areas.This study focused on the plant communities at antimony(Sb)ecologically damaged sites in Xihe County,Gansu Province,China.Based on ecological principles and methods,niche,variance ratios(V_(R)),chi-square(χ^(2))test,interspecific association coefficient(A_(C)),and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to analyze interspecific relationships.The results showed that 1)the plant species observed at the sites belonged to 90 species of 73 genera and 35 families,with Asteraceae and Fabaceae being the most prevalent families.The species in Sb mining-damaged ecological sites with the highest important values in the shrub and herb were Coriaria nepalensis(42.3%)and Imperata cylindrica(9.48%),respectively,while in the control sites,there were Cotoneaster horizontalis(10.6%)and Carex spp.(21.6%),respectively.2)There were seven pairs of species with niche overlap values above 0.5,accounting for 33.3%,in the shrub layer of the Sb mining-damaged ecological sites.The niche overlap values of Caragana microphylla with Buddleja officinalis and Rubus coreanus in the shrub layer,and Arthraxon hispidus with Elsholtzia argyi and Sinacalia tangutica in the herb layers were 1.00 in Sb mining damaged ecological sites,indicating similar resource utilization among these species in the plant community.3)There was a negative association in the shrub layer at the Sb mining-damaged ecological sites,whereas a positive association was observed in the herb layer,suggesting that the early stage of succession was found in the plant community.Overall,plant communities in Sb mining-damaged ecological sites require further restoration and succession.Native species with positive associations,such as C.nepalensis and Carex spp.,can be introduced in the future to enhance the seed reserves of so

关 键 词：锑矿生态破坏区 重要值 生态位 种间联结 甘肃西和 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]