基于斑马鱼模型评估金华市主要水系的环境风险  

Zebrafish Model for Environmental Risk Assessment:Its Application in Major Water Systems of Jinhua City

作　　者：孙洪杰[1] 丁彦 单夕颜 彭贵梦 徐泽琼 洪华嫦[1] 管冬兴 尉小旋 Sun Hongjie;Ding Yan;Shan Xiyan;Peng Guimeng;Xu Zeqiong;Hong Huachang;Guan Dongxing;Wei Xiaoxuan(College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,金华321004 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2024年第4期166-174,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：金华市科技局项目(2022-4-046);国家自然科学基金资助项目(22376188);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY22B070002)。

摘　　要：近年来,金华市实施了一系列“治水”工程,以便将水体的各项理化指标控制在标准以下,改善水环境质量。考虑到水中多种污染物之间可能存在的协同或加成等效应,在各理化指标达标情况下仍可能存在对水生生物正常生长发育构成潜在威胁的因素。为了准确评估“治水”工程对金华市水环境的改善效果,本研究综合运用化学分析与生物评价相结合的方法评估“治水”工程后金华市主要水系的水环境质量。研究发现,在以三江交汇点为中心的9个采样点中,化学需氧量(COD)的检出浓度均低于我国地表水Ⅰ类标准,金华市主要水系中有机物相对含量较低。对19种金属元素的浓度检测表明:Cd在梅溪采样点的检出浓度(1.22μg·L^(-1))略高于其地表水I类标准,Mn在秋滨污水厂出水(210.4μg·L^(-1))、Sb在梅溪(8.88μg·L^(-1))和义乌江(6.24μg·L^(-1))水样中的检出浓度均高于其国家地表水特定标准限值。此外所检测的金属元素在所研究区域内均可达到相应的地表水水质要求。生物评价结果表明,斑马鱼胚胎可以在所有采样点水样中正常生长发育,且其体内的热休克蛋白(HSP70)和金属硫蛋白(MT)及抗氧化系统均未受到明显干扰。由此可见,金华市实施的系列“治水”工程可以有效控制水环境中重金属及有机物的含量,且水质总体良好,对鱼类早期的生长发育并未产生任何干扰效应。In recent years,Jinhua City has implemented a series of“water control”projects in order to control the concentration of physical and chemical indexes below the standards and improve the quality of the water environment.Considering the potential synergistic or additive effects among various pollutants in water,they may pose p otential threats to the normal growth and development of aquatic organisms even when their concentration meets the standards.To accurately evaluate the effectiveness of Jinhua City’s“water control”projects on the water e nvironment,chemical analysis and biological assessments were comprehensively employed in this study to evaluate the water quality in Jinhua City’s main water system after the implementation of these projects.The results showed that the concentration of chemical oxygen demand(COD)in 9 sampling points centered on the intersection of three rivers is lower than the ClassⅠstandard of surface water in China,indicating the organic pollution in the main water system of Jinhua City is low.The determination for the 19 metal elements showed that concentration of Cd detected at Meixi River sampling site(1.22μg·L^(-1))slightly exceeds the ClassⅠsurface water standard.The concentration of Mn in Qiubin Sewage Plant effluent(210.4μg·L^(-1)),and the concentration of Sb in Meixi River(8.88μg·L^(-1))and Yiwu River(6.24μg·L^(-1))samples are all higher than the national standard limits for surface water.Moreover,the concentration of all the detected metal elements can meet the corresponding surface water quality requirements in the study area.Biological evaluation results demonstrated that zebrafish embryos could grow and develop normally in all water samples,and the heat shock protein(HSP70),metallothionein(MT)and antioxidant system were not significantly disturbed.The determination results in this study suggest that the“water control”projects implemented in Jinhua City can effectively control the pollution of heavy metals and organic p ollutants in waters,the water q

关 键 词：重金属 斑马鱼 早期发育阶段 抗氧化系统 化学需氧量 基因转录 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]