上海某社区老年人全氟和多氟烷基化合物摄食暴露风险评估  

Risk Assessment of Ingestion Exposure to Per-and Poly-fluoroalkyl Substances among Elderly People in a Community in Shanghai

作　　者：李彤[1] 王宇[1] 吴限好 陈绩 林楠 冯楠楠[3] Li Tong;Wang Yu;Wu Xianhao;Chen Ji;Lin Nan;Feng Nannan(School of Xinhua Clinical Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Renji Clinical Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200127,China;School of Public Health,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200025,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学新华临床医学院,上海200092 [2]上海交通大学仁济临床医学院,上海200127 [3]上海交通大学公共卫生学院,上海200025

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2024年第4期182-193,共12页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3105800);上海市“科技创新行动计划”启明星项目扬帆专项(22YF1420900);西湖大学浙江省海岸带环境与资源研究重点实验室开放基金(KLaCER-KF202103);上海交通大学医学院第十六期大学生创新训练计划(1622Y081);上海交通大学医学院“大学生创新训练计划”2023年(第十六期)国家级项目(202310248152)。

摘　　要：目前在人群体内可广泛检测出全氟和多氟烷基化合物(per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances,PFAS),但对高年龄层人群PFAS的暴露特征研究有限。本文旨在评估上海老年人群PFAS摄食暴露风险及其来源特征。采用横断面调查研究方法,共获取上海市60~79岁老人有效问卷68份,并结合“第六次全国总膳食研究”中PFAS膳食浓度,应用蒙特卡洛模型对膳食暴露量进行概率计算,最终根据欧洲食品安全局发布的4种PFAS,包括全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoic acid,PFOA)、全氟辛烷磺酸(perfluorooctane sulfonic acid,PFOS)、全氟己烷磺酸(perfluorohexane sulfonic acid,PFHxS)和全氟壬酸(perfluorononanoic acid,P FNA)每周可耐受摄入量评估健康风险。结果表明,该人群膳食结构以水果(1440.0 g·week^(-1))、谷物(1341.0 g·week^(-1))和奶制品(835.0 g·week^(-1))为主,分别占总膳食的24.8%、23.1%和14.4%;4种PFAS总摄食暴露量为(1024.7±140.3)pg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),水产品贡献最多(53.5%);PFOA、PFOS、PFHxS和PFNA的摄食暴露量分别为(308.4±36.5)、(519.2±104.2)、(49.8±7.6)和(73.3±13.6)pg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),鸡蛋(48.9%)、水产品(75.1%)、谷物(64.9%)和水产品(76.3%)分别为PFOA、PFOS、PFHxS和PFNA的主要贡献源。PFOA和PFOS摄食暴露导致的健康风险(health risk,HR)分别为0.36和0.32,鸡蛋(48.9%)和水产品(75.1%)分别为最大贡献者。4种PFAS摄食暴露的总健康风险为1.63,水产品贡献最大(53.5%),其次是鸡蛋(20.9%)和肉类(15.5%)。男女人群中各PFAS导致的健康风险相对关系基本与总人群一致,女性人群由水产品贡献的暴露风险显著高于男性(均值67.3%>43.8%,P<0.001)。综上,上海老年人群的PFAS摄食暴露风险普遍较高,水产品是4种PFAS包括PFOS的主要暴露来源,鸡蛋和肉类对于PFOA的暴露更加突出。本研究明晰了上海地区老年人群的PFAS摄食暴露风险和来源特征,为全氟化合物的来源、累积及迁移规律的研究提供基础数据。Per-and poly-fluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are ubiquitous in the human body,yet the exposure c haracteristics among the elderly remain understudied.This study is to evaluate the health risks and dietary exposure characteristics of PFAS among the elderly in Shanghai.We conducted a cross-sectional study and collected a total of 68 valid questionnaires from individuals aged 60~79 in Shanghai.Combined with dietary PFAS concentration data from the 6th National Total Dietary Study of China,we employed a Monte Carlo model to perform a probability assessment of dietary exposure.Health risks were evaluated based on the weekly tolerable intake of four PFAS i.e.,perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),perfluorooctane sulfonic acid(PFOS),perfluorohexane sulfonic acid(PFHxS),and perfluorononanoic acid(PFNA)as adopted by the European Food Safety Agency.The results showed a dietary composition dominated by fruits(1440.0 g·week^(-1)),grains(1341.0 g·week^(-1)),and dairy products(835.0 g·week^(-1)),accounting for 24.8%,23.1%,and 14.4%of the total diet,respectively.Total dietary exposure to the four PFAS was(1024.7±140.3)pg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),with aquatic products contributing the most(53.5%).The dietary exposure doses of PFOA,PFOS,PFHxS and PFNA were(308.4±36.5),(519.2±104.2),(49.8±7.6),and(73.3±13.6)p g·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)respectively,with eggs(48.9%),aquatic products(75.1%),grains(64.9%),and aquatic products(76.3%)being the primary sources respectively.Health risk(HR)for PFOA and PFOS were 0.36 and 0.32,respectively.The total health risk of four PFAS was 1.63,primarily from aquatic products(53.5%),followed by eggs(20.9%)and meat(15.5%).Gender-based analysis revealed consistent results with the exposure risk for females from aquatic products significantly higher than males(mean:67.3%>43.8%,P<0.001).In summary,dietary e xposure to PFAS poses notable health risks among the elderly population in Shanghai.Aquatic products were the main source of total four PFAS and individual PFOS;eggs and meat had a prominent contribution for PFOA.This study

关 键 词：全氟和多氟烷基化合物 老年人群 健康风险评估 膳食暴露 概率评估 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]