磺胺甲恶唑(SMX)对双齿围沙蚕的毒性效应研究  

Toxic Effects of Sulfamethoxazole on Perinereis aibuhitensis

作　　者：陈志[1] 陈銮淇 胡丰晓 周洪磊 何家博 霍朋辉 Chen Zhi;Chen Luanqi;Hu Fengxiao;Zhou Honglei;He Jiabo;Huo Penghui(Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Fuzhou 350025,China;Luoyuan County Aquatic Technology Promotion Station,Fuzhou 350600,China;College of Marine Sciences,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Yangze Marine Biotechnology Co.Ltd.,Fuzhou 350603,China;Fisheries College of Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;Technology Innovation Center for Monitoring and Restoration Engineering of Ecological Fragile Zone in Southeast China,Ministry of Natural Resources,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省淡水水产研究所,福州350025 [2]罗源县水产技术推广站,福州350600 [3]福建农林大学海洋学院,福州350002 [4]福建省洋泽海洋生物科技有限公司,福州350603 [5]集美大学水产学院,厦门361021 [6]自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测修复工程技术创新中心,福州350001

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2024年第4期350-359,共10页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：福州市科技创新平台项目(2021-P071);自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测修复工程技术创新中心自主研究课题(KY-090000-04-2022-017)。

摘　　要：磺胺甲恶唑(sulfamethoxazole,SMX)作为一种广谱型抗生素,由于大量使用而在水体中广泛存在。为研究SMX对海洋多毛类动物双齿围沙蚕(Perinereis aibuhitensis)的毒性效应,将双齿围沙蚕暴露于1、10和100μg·L^(-1)SMX的海水中15 d,从个体、细胞和分子水平探究SMX对双齿围沙蚕的生长、掘穴行为、抗氧化防御、非特异性免疫以及细胞凋亡等方面的影响。结果表明,1μg·L^(-1)和10μg·L^(-1)SMX对沙蚕体质量的影响不显著(P>0.05),但所有SMX处理组双齿围沙蚕的体长都显著高于对照组水平(P<0.05)。暴露于SMX的双齿围沙蚕掘穴率显著降低,且高浓度SMX(100μg·L^(-1))对双齿围沙蚕有明显的神经毒性作用,表现为乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的显著降低。SMX暴露诱导了氧化应激,导致了超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性的升高以及丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量的下降。此外,10μg·L^(-1)和100μg·L^(-1)SMX暴露下酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性显著降低,表明暴露于高浓度的SMX可能会降低双齿围沙蚕的免疫力。最后,高浓度SMX暴露下,双齿围沙蚕凋亡相关基因大都呈现下调趋势,抑制细胞凋亡。本研究有助于进一步了解SMX污染对水生无脊椎动物的毒性效应,增进对SMX生态毒性的认识。To study the toxic effects of sulfamethoxazole(SMX)on the marine polychaete P.aibuhitensis,a 15-day exposure test was conducted in seawater with 1,10,and 100μg·L^(-1)SMX.The effects of SMX on growth,burrowing behavior,antioxidant defense,non-specific immunity and cell apoptosis were investigated at individual,cellular and molecular levels.The results showed that 1μg·L^(-1)and 10μg·L^(-1)SMX had no significant effect on the body weight(P>0.05),but the body length of all experimental groups was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).After exposure to SMX,the bursing rate was significantly reduced,and a high concentration of SMX(100μg·L^(-1))exhibited a neurotoxic effect on P.aibuhitensis,which was manifested as a significant decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity.SMX exposure induced oxidativ e stress,which resulted in an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and decreased content of malondialdehyde(MDA).In addition,acid phosphatase(ACP)activity was significantly reduced at 10μg·L^(-1)and 100μg·L^(-1)SMX exposure,suggesting that exposure to high concentrations of SMX may reduce the immunity of P.aibuhitensis.F inally,when exposed to high concentration of SMX,most genes related to apoptosis were down-regulated,e xhibiting the inhibitory effect of SMX on cell apoptosis.This study helps to further understand the toxic effects of SMX pollution on aquatic invertebrates and improve our understanding of the ecotoxicity of SMX.

关 键 词：SMX 双齿围沙蚕 氧化应激 神经毒性 基因毒性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]