2013-2022年湖南省人感染H9N2禽流感病例及外环境H9亚型禽流感病毒监测分析  

Surveillance for avian influenza A(H9N2)virus in human infection cases and H9 subtype avian influenza virus in the external environment in Hunan,2013−2022

作　　者：赵善露 黄超洋[1] 刘子言 孙倩莱[1] 曾舸[1] 王小磊 向星宇[1] 李文超[1] 罗垲炜[1] Zhao Shanlu;Huang Chaoyang;Liu Ziyan;Sun Qianlai;Zeng Ge;Wang Xiaolei;Xiang Xingyu;Li Wenchao;Luo Kaiwei(Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Workstation for Emerging Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences),Changsha 410005,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省疾病预防控制中心/中国医学科学院湖南新发突发传染病防治工作站,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《疾病监测》2024年第7期836-840,共5页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的通过分析2013—2022年湖南省人感染H9N2禽流感病例的流行病学和临床特征,以及外环境H9亚型禽流感病毒污染情况,为人感染H9N2禽流感防控提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统或突发公共卫生事件信息报告管理系统收集2013—2022年湖南省人感染H9N2禽流感病例、病例报告卡和疫情现场调查处置报告,收集病例临床资料和流行病学信息;2013—2022年分别对采集湖南省城乡活禽市场、规模养殖场(户)、家禽散养户、家禽屠宰加工厂和野生禽鸟栖息地5类场所外环境标本,运用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)进行禽流感病毒检测,对病例信息、外环境标本禽流感病毒核酸检测等数据进行统计分析。结果2013—2022年湖南省累计报告人感染H9N2禽流感14例,均为散发轻症病例,病例均通过流感样病例(ILI)常规监测发现。病例主要为儿童,中位年龄3.5岁(P25=1.4,P75=9.8),涉及湖南省9个市(自治州)的11个县(区);13例病例出现发热,最高体温中位数为39.0(P25=38.0,P75=39.5)℃;57.00%的病例有禽类或活禽市场、加工烹饪宰杀禽类暴露史(8/14)。2013—2022年湖南省共采集并检测外环境禽流感标本39225份,A型禽流感病毒阳性率为40.79%(15998/39225),其中H9阳性率为23.46%(9201/39225)。H9阳性率呈现逐年上升趋势(趋势χ^(2)=231.460,P<0.001)。不同监测场所H9阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1142.460,P<0.001),活禽市场H9阳性率最高(26.28%);不同标本类型H9阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=1241.060,P<0.001),清洗禽类污水标本H9阳性率最高(31.06%)。结论湖南省人感染H9N2禽流感疫情全省散发,局部地区较为集中。活禽交易市场和禽类污水中H9亚型污染较严重,禽类和活禽市场是人感染禽流感病毒的主要来源。因此,需做好人群和外环境禽流感的监测和防控,加强各类涉禽场所的外环境消毒,Objective To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2)virus and the contamination of H9 subtype avian influenza virus in the external environment in Hunan province during 2013−2022 and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2)virus.Methods The information about the cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2)virus,including case reporting cards,field epidemic investigation and response reports,clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the cases,in Hunan from 2013 to 2022 were collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System or the Public Health Emergency Reporting Management System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System;From 2013 to 2022,external environmental samples were collected from urban and rural live poultry markets,large-scale poultry farms,poultry free range households,poultry slaughterhouses and processing factories and wild bird habitats in Hunan.Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reactionreaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect avian influenza virus in the samples,and statistical analysis was conducted by using the data of cases’information and nucleic acid testing of avian influenza virus in external environmental samples.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total of 14 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2)virus were reported in 11 counties or districts in 9 prefectures(municipality)of Hunan,all of which were sporadic mild cases and detected through routine monitoring of influenza like illness(ILI).Most cases were children,with a median age of 3.5 years(P25=1.4,P75=9.8).Thirteen cases developed fever,with a median highest body temperature of 39.0℃(P25=38.0,P75=39.5);57.00%of cases had exposures to poultry or live poultry markets,the processing,cooking,and slaughtering of poultry(8/14).From 2013 to 2022,a total of 39225 external environment samples were collected from in

关 键 词：禽流感 H9N2 外环境 监测 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R183.3