长吻帆蜥鱼作为生物采集器探究海洋中深层生物微塑料污染特征  

Longnose lancetfish Alepisaurus ferox as biological samplers in the study of meso/bathypelagic microplastic pollution

作　　者：高华晨 宋敏菲 贡艺 陈新军[1,2,3,4] GAO Huachen;SONG Minfei;GONG Yi;CHEN Xinjun(College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Oceanic Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]农业农村部大洋渔业可持续利用重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2024年第4期996-1004,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31900333);农业农村部全球渔业资源调查监测评估(公海渔业资源综合科学调查)专项(D-8021-22-0129-01)。

摘　　要：海洋中深层生物作为链接海洋上层与深层食物网的媒介,对维系大洋生态系统结构和功能的稳定有着不可替代的重要作用。由于样品采集的困难性,针对中深层生物微塑料污染研究十分缺乏。长吻帆蜥鱼具有特殊的消化机制,是优秀的生物采集器。本研究利用激光红外成像光谱技术,量化分析了长吻帆蜥鱼胃中保存的中深层物种体内微塑料的丰度和理化特征。共采集中深层鱼类和头足类7种,其肠道中检测出微塑料146个,检出率85.71%,丰度为(10.43±12.12)个/尾,粒径为20.34~309.89μm(47.36μm±43.41μm)。微塑料以颗粒状(59.58%)和碎片状(36.30%)为主,聚合物成分主要是丙烯酸酯共聚物(Acrylate copolymer),占比60.27%。本研究首次证明了长吻帆蜥鱼作为生物采集器开展海洋中深层生物微塑料污染研究的可行性,研究结果对解析大洋生态系统微塑料污染及其潜在生态风险具有重要意义。The meso/bathypelagic organisms in the ocean serve as a crucial link between the epipelagic and bathypelagic food webs,playing an indispensable role in upholding the stability of the structure and function of the ocean ecosystem.Research on microplastic pollution in the meso/bathypelagic zone is limited due to the challenges associated with sample collection.Longnose lancetfish Alepisaurus ferox possesses a unique digestive mechanism and serves as an effective biological accumulator.This study quantitatively analyzed the abundance and physicochemical characteristics of microplastics in meso/bathypelagic species preserved within the stomachs of longnose lancetfish using laser infrared imaging spectroscopy.A total of 146microplastics were found in the intestines of 7 species of meso/bathypelagic fish and cephalopods,with a detection rate of 85.71%.The average abundance was(10.43±12.12) items/individual,while the size ranged from 20.34 to 309.89 μm with an average size of(47.36±43.41) μm.The majority of microplastics were granules(59.58%) or fragments(36.30%),with acrylic copolymer being the predominant polymer composition at 60.27%.This study demonstrates the feasibility of using longnose lancetfish as a biological sampler to investigate microplastic pollution in the meso/bathypelagic organisms for the first time.The results of this study are highly significant for analyzing microplastic pollution and its potential ecological risks in ocean ecosystems.

关 键 词：微塑料 长吻帆蜥鱼 生物采集器 大洋中深层生物 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X55