芝麻蒴果光合作用对粒重形成相关性状的贡献率分析  

Analysis of the Contribution Rate of Capsule PhotosynthesistotheTraits Related to Grain Weight Formation in Sesamumindicum

作　　者：赵俊 段先琴 陈艳妮 汪文倩 曾袁琳珺 危文亮 孙建[3] Zhao Jun;Duan Xianqin;Chen Yanni;Wang Wenqian;Zeng Yuanlinjun;Wei Wenliang;Sun Jian(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Wuhan Modern Agricultural Education Center,Wuhan 430040,Hubei,China;Institute of Crop Research,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]武汉现代农业教育中心,湖北武汉430040 [3]江西省农业科学院作物研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《作物杂志》2024年第4期121-129,共9页Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31871661);江西省油料作物生物学重点实验室开放基金课题。

摘　　要：通过遮阴和环割处理分析了不同粒重芝麻材料的蒴果光合作用对每蒴鲜重、每蒴果皮鲜重和干重、每蒴籽粒鲜重和干重5个粒重形成相关性状的影响及贡献率大小。结果表明,遮阴处理下,除每蒴果皮鲜重外,其他4个性状与对照基本无显著差异,表明蒴果光合作用被抑制后能迅速被叶茎光合作用补偿;授粉后40 d(40 DAP)时大粒材料(L1)和小粒材料(S1)蒴果光合作用对每蒴果皮干重、每蒴籽粒干重的贡献率均较为接近,意味着不同粒重芝麻材料的叶茎光合作用对这些性状的贡献基本接近,且粒重差异的形成可能与蒴果的光合贡献有关。环割处理下,5个性状均与对照有显著差异,表明环割处理后叶茎光合作用不能完全被蒴果所补偿,且对蒴果发育和粒重形成有显著影响;而蒴果光合作用对每蒴鲜重、每蒴果皮干重、每蒴籽粒干重的贡献率都随着蒴果发育而呈增加趋势,意味着蒴果光合作用可能具有补偿增强效应;尤其在40 DAP时期,L1蒴果光合作用对每蒴果皮干重、每蒴籽粒干重的贡献率极显著高于S1,揭示大粒材料的粒重形成与其蒴果的较高光合贡献率有关。We analyzed the effect and contribution rate of the capsule photosynthesis to the traits relatedtograinweight formation,i.e.,fresh weight per capsule(FWC),fresh weight of wall per capsule(FWW),dry weight ofwall per capsule(DWW),fresh weight of grain per capsule(FGW),and dry weight of grain per capsule(DGW).The findings demonstrated that,with the exception of FWW,all four traits did not alter substantially fromthecontrol group under the shade treatment.This suggested that the photosynthesis of leaves and stems couldswiftlyoffset the effects of the capsule photosynthesis.The photosynthetic contribution rates of the capsule in L1andS1at 40 DAP was comparable to that of DWW and DGW,this indicated that the formation of seed weight diversityin L1 and S1 was related to the photosynthetic contribution of the capsule,and that the photosyntheticcontribution of the leaves and stems to the formation of grain weight in sesame materials with different seedweight was rather close.Under the girdling treatment,all five traits were significantly different with the control,suggesting that the photosynthesis of leaves and stems could not be fully compensated by the capsuleaftergirdling treatment,which had a significant impact on the development of capsules and the formationof grainweight.Furthermore,the photosynthetic contribution rates of capsules to FWC,DWWand DGWincreasedaccompanying with the development of the capsules,implying that capsule photosynthesis mayhaveacompensatory enhancing effect.Especially,the capsule photosynthesis of L1 at 40 DAP contributed to DWWandDGW significantly more than those of S1,which further confirmed that the grain weight formation of L1mayberelated to the higher photosynthetic contribution of capsules.

关 键 词：芝麻 蒴果 光合贡献率 粒重形成 

分 类 号：S565.3[农业科学—作物学]