聚乙烯醇/SAPO-34混合基质膜制备及渗透汽化性能综合实验教学设计  

Design of a comprehensive teaching experiment on the preparation of PVA/SAPO-34 mixed-matrix membranes and pervaporation performance

作　　者：蔡卫滨[1] 宋美洁 焦健 张琪[1] 马靖文 CAI Weibin;SONG Meijie;JIAO Jian;ZHANG Qi;MA Jingwen(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第8期195-200,共6页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：煤炭行业高等教育研究课题(2021MXJG197);中国矿业大学(北京)本科教育教学改革与研究项目(J21ZD08,J220313)。

摘　　要：针对共沸体系的分离,设计了聚乙烯醇/SAPO-34混合基质膜制备及脱水本科生研究性实验。以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为膜材料、以SAPO-34分子筛为填充材料制备了PVA/SAPO-34混合基质膜,利用SEM、FT-IR和接触角分析等手段对膜的物化特性进行了表征;采用乙醇/水体系,测试了混合基质膜的渗透汽化分离性能。实践结果表明,该实验有助于学生了解化工分离技术的研究前沿,激发科研热情与兴趣,培养创新精神,促进综合实践能力提升。[Objective]Fuel ethanol is a promising form of biomass energy with wide-ranging applications.During its production,an azeotrope forms when the ethanol concentration reaches 93 wt%.In this respect,pervaporation offers distinct advantages over other dehydration methods as it effectively removes water from ethanol solutions.Currently,pervaporation is extensively employed in organic solvent dehydration,primarily using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)membranes.Although PVA exhibits strong stability and suitable separation factors,its low permeation flux necessitates large membrane areas for practical implementation,resulting in high investment costs that somewhat hinder its widespread adoption and application.It is a commonly employed technique to fabricate mixed-matrix membranes(MMMs)through the construction of a Turing structure on the surface,modification of the membrane surface,and incorporation of powder.[Methods]In this study,a PVA/polyacrylonitrile(PAN)composite membrane was prepared using PVA as the separation material,glutaraldehyde as the crosslinking agent,and PAN ultrafiltration membrane as the supporting layer.By incorporating SAPO-34 molecular sieve powders into PVA,PVA/SAPO-34/PAN MMMs were fabricated.On the one hand,the well-defined pore channels of the SAPO-34 molecular sieve served as preferential pathways for penetrants.On the other hand,incorporating the SAPO-34 molecular sieve increased the roughness of the membrane surface and thus enhanced its specific surface area.Both factors contributed to improving membrane permeability.The physicochemical properties of these films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectroscopy,and contact angle measurements.The pervaporation performance of these MMMs was evaluated using an ethanol/water system.The effects of varying amounts of molecular sieve addition and operation temperature on pervaporation performance were investigated.[Results]The experimental results demonstrated that the addition of SAPO-34 powder led t

关 键 词：渗透汽化 聚乙烯醇 SAPO-34分子筛 混合基质膜 教学实验 

分 类 号：TQ028.8[化学工程] G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学]