“三权分置”下宅基地“使用权”的分置路径及权利构造  

The Path and the Right Structure of Homestead"Use Right"Under the"Three-Right Separation"

作　　者：阳庚德[1] 邹称鹏 YANG Gengde;ZOU Chengpeng(School of Law,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学法学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《安徽乡村振兴研究》2024年第4期94-104,共11页ANHUI RURAL REVITALIZATION STUDIES

摘　　要：“三权分置”是我国宅基地政策改革的既定方向,确定三权中宅基地“使用权”的分置路径和权利构造是当前学界亟待解决的问题。在各种分置路径中,用益物权模式、租赁权模式和权利转化模式均存在缺陷,偏离了宅基地“三权分置”。文章认为,次级用益物权模式既契合“三权分置”的政策目标,有利于物尽其用,又能以地上权理论和缓和的物权法定主义补足缺陷。在次级用益物权模式下,分置后的宅基地“使用权”应称为宅基地利用权,不受权利主体的身份限制,用途仅受到必要限制,在发生权利变动时采纳登记生效主义,其存续期间可参考国有土地使用权的规定。"Three-right separation"is the established direction of the homestead reform in China.It is urgent to determine the separation path,the right structure of homestead use right in the current academic circles.In various separation paths,the usufructuary right mode,lease right mode and right transformation mode all have defects,which deviate from the"three-right separation"of homestead.On the contrary,the secondary usufructuary right model not only fits the policy goal of"three-right separation",which is conducive to the best use,but also can make up for the defects with the theory of surface rights and the moderate legal doctrine of property rights.Under the secondary usufructuary right mode,the homestead"utilization right"after the separation should be called the homestead use right,not restricted by the identity of the right subjects,with necessary use limitation.It can be registered effective in the event of right change,and its duration can refer to the provi-sions of the state-owned land use right.

关 键 词：三权分置 宅基地使用权 次级用益物权 宅基地利用权 

分 类 号：D922.32[政治法律—法学]