备灾教育培训对轮椅使用者备灾行为改变的效果  

The effect of disaster preparedness education and training on the change of preparedness behavior among wheelchair users

作　　者：卓瑜 易涛[2] 骆雪梅[3] ZHUO Yu;YI Tao;LUO Xuemei(Psychological Health Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing of Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心/四川大学华西护理学院,四川成都610041 [2]成都医学院护理学院,四川成都610500 [3]绵竹市人民医院普外科,四川德阳618200

出　　处：《中国急救复苏与灾害医学杂志》2024年第8期997-1000,1013,共5页China Journal of Emergency Resuscitation and Disaster Medicine

基　　金：四川省卫生健康委员会科研课题(编号:19PJ220)。

摘　　要：目的 探索针对轮椅使用者的备灾教育干预对其备灾行为的影响,旨在提升这一特殊群体在灾害发生时的应对能力。方法 采用自身前后对照试验设计,通过便利抽样选择四川省绵竹市残疾人中心的轮椅使用者作为研究对象。通过现场讲授、案例分析、图片展示、观看录像、互动提问等教学方法,提供总共120 min的针对性备灾教育培训。结果 经过备灾教育干预后,轮椅使用者的备灾行为得分从干预前的(3.60±1.93)分显著提升至干预1个月后的(8.60±2.89)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。具体来说,干预后,不同特征的轮椅使用者在备灾行为上均显示出改善。例如,在干预前,几乎没有研究对象制作并携带避难卡,而一个月后的随访显示,这一比例显著提升至65%。其他关键备灾行为,如准备满足三天需求的备灾包和定期检查急救药品及灭火器具的过期情况,也显示出类似的积极变化。结论 备灾教育干预能有效改善轮椅使用者的备灾行为,可为日后轮椅使用者的备灾教育研究和实践提供了有价值的参考。Objective To explore the impact of disaster preparedness education interventions on the preparedness behavior of wheelchair users,intending to enhance the coping capabilities of this specific group in the event of disasters.Methods Employing a pre-post self-controlled trial design,wheelchair users from the Disabled Persons'Center of Mianzhu City,Sichuan Province,were selected through convenience sampling.A total of 120 minutes of targeted disaster preparedness education training was provided,employing teaching methods such as on-site lectures,case analysis,picture exhibitions,video watching,and interactive questioning.Results After the disaster preparedness education intervention,the preparedness behavior score of wheelchair users significantly increased from(3.60±1.93)before the intervention to(8.60±2.89)after the intervention,with the difference being statistically significant(P<0.001).Specifically,after the intervention,wheelchair users with different characteristics all showed improvements in disaster preparedness behavior.For instance,before the intervention,almost no subjects had made and carried an evacuation card,but a follow-up one month later showed that this proportion had significantly increased to 65%.Other key disaster preparedness behaviors,such as preparing a disaster preparedness kit to meet three-day needs and regularly checking the expiration of first aid supplies and fire extinguishers,also showed similar positive changes.Conclusion Disaster preparedness education intervention can effectively improve the preparedness behavior of wheelchair users.This study provides valuable references for future research and practice on disaster preparedness education targeting wheelchair users.

关 键 词：轮椅使用者 备灾行为 教育培训 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]