四川省农村地区6~11月龄婴儿看护人压力性喂养现状及影响因素  

Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Caregivers’Pressuring Feeding Style in Infants of 6-11 Months Old in Rural Areas of Sichuan Province

作　　者：何雅荻 徐天昕 田一然 咸显南 吴玉菊[2] 周欢[1] HE Yadi;XU Tianxin;TIAN Yiran;XIAN Xiannan;WU Yuju;ZHOU Huan(Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Department of Child Health and Maternal and Child Health,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院健康行为与社会医学系,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系,成都610041

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》2024年第4期490-496,共7页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72274130)。

摘　　要：目的了解四川省偏远农村地区看护人压力性喂养现状,探寻压力性喂养的影响因素。方法采用多阶段抽样,选取四川省偏远农村地区6~11月龄已添加辅食的婴儿及其看护人作为研究对象。采用问卷调查法收集婴儿及其看护人社会人口学特征、压力性喂养水平、喂养环境以及看护人的负性情绪。运用分位数回归分析婴儿看护人压力性喂养的影响因素。结果共纳入1358对婴儿及其看护人,看护人压力性喂养行为得分为11(8,14)分。婴儿胎次是看护人压力性喂养的保护因素(β_(25)=-1.17,P<0.001;β_(50)=-1.40,P=0.002;β_(75)=-2.18,P<0.001),进食时是否玩玩具(β_(25)=1.00,P<0.001;β_(50)=1.20,P=0.003;β_(75)=1.42,P<0.001)、是否看电视/手机(β_(25)=0.50,P=0.048;β_(50)=1.07,P=0.004)则是危险因素。在75分位数,看护人抑郁是压力性喂养的危险因素(β_(75)=0.94,P=0.015)。看护人教育程度(β_(25)=0.83,P=0.034;β_(50)=0.87,P=0.021)、家庭收入(β_(75)=1.09,P=0.012)与压力性喂养得分在不同分位数点也有显著关联。结论四川省偏远农村地区看护人压力性喂养方式有待改善。应基于婴儿及其家庭特征,开展针对改善喂养环境以及看护人心理健康状态相关的喂养行为指导,以促进农村地区婴儿看护人的科学喂养行为。Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of pressuring feeding style among caregivers in remote rural areas of Sichuan province.Methods Multistage sampling was conducted to select infants of 6-11 months old who had received complementary food and their caregivers in remote rural areas of Sichuan province.A questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic characteristics of infants and their caregivers,pressuring feeding behaviors,feeding environment,and caregivers’negative emotions.Quantile regression was employed to analyze the factors influencing pressuring feeding among caregivers of infants.Results A total of 1358 pairs of infants and their caregivers were included,with the pressuring feeding behavior score of 11(8,14).Parity was the protective factor for caregivers’pressuring feeding(β_(25)=-1.17,P<0.001;β_(50)=-1.40,P=0.002;β_(75)=-2.18,P<0.001).Whether infants played with toys while eating(β_(25)=1.00,P<0.001;β_(50)=1.20,P=0.003;β_(75)=1.42,P<0.001)and whether infants watched TV/mobile phones(β_(25)=0.50,P=0.048;β_(50)=1.07,P=0.004)were the risk factors.At the 75th percentile,caregivers’negative emotions were the risk factor for pressuring feeding(β_(75)=0.94,P=0.015).Caregivers’education background(β_(25)=0.83,P=0.034;β_(50)=0.87,P=0.021)and family income(β_(75)=1.09,P=0.012)were also significantly associated with pressuring feeding scores at different quartile points.Conclusions Pressuring feeding behaviors of caregivers in remote rural areas of Sichuan province need to be improved.Based on the characteristics of infants and their families,guidance should be carried out to improve the feeding environment and the mental health of caregivers,thereby promoting reasonable feeding behaviors among caregivers of infants in rural areas.

关 键 词：看护人 喂养方式 婴儿 压力性喂养 分位数回归 

分 类 号：R174.4[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]