面向乡村振兴的中国传统村落保护与利用:挑战与展望  

Protection and utilization of the traditional villages of China in the context of rural revitalization:Challenges and prospects

作　　者：程叶青 胡守庚 杨忍[3] 陶伟[4] 李红波[5] 李伯华[6] 刘沛林 魏峰群 郭文 唐承财[10] 顾康康 唐雪琼[12] CHENG Ye-qing;HU Shou-geng;YANG Ren;TAO Wei;LI Hong-bo;LI Bo-hua;LIU Pei-lin;Wei Feng-qun;GUO Wen;TANG Cheng-cai;GU Kang-kang;TANG Xue-qiong(School of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Hainan Normal University,Haikou 571158,China;School of Public Administration,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Geography and Planning,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;School of Geography,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421002,Hunan,China;Rural Revitalization Research Institute,Changsha University,Changsha 410022,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China;College of Humanities&Social Development,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;School of Tourism Sciences,Beijing International Studies University,Beijing 100024,China;School of Architecture and Planning,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China;College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学地理与环境科学学院,海口571158 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)公共管理学院,武汉430074 [3]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广州510006 [4]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510631 [5]南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京210023 [6]衡阳师范学院地理与旅游学院,衡阳421002 [7]长沙学院乡村振兴研究院,长沙410022 [8]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安710119 [9]南京农业大学人文与社会发展学院,南京210095 [10]北京第二外国语学院旅游科学学院,北京100024 [11]安徽建筑大学建筑与规划学院,合肥230601 [12]西南林业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650224

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2024年第8期1735-1759,共25页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA161);国家自然科学基金项目(41661028,42261054)。

摘　　要：传统村落保护与利用既是实现中国乡村振兴与中国式现代化的重大实践问题,也是地理学、社会学、规划学、经济学等多学科关注和融合交叉研究的热点议题。为系统探索中国传统村落保护与利用的理论认知、政策机制、实践经验和实现路径,特邀传统村落相关研究领域的11位专家开展访谈。访谈主要从政策变迁与典型模式、宏观机制与核心主题、理论认知与实践路径三个视角,以中国传统村落保护与利用的理论认知到具体空间实践为主线,聚焦政策变迁、机制机理、经验模式、村落分类、产业转型、景观保护、有机更新、活态化、价值实现、主体驱动、空间治理和地方性等核心主体及其前沿性理论和实践问题进行深入对话。结合各位专家主要观点,新时期中国传统村落保护与利用需重点关注:(1)面向快速城镇化与现代化冲击的中国传统村落保护与利用的机制体制创新与实现路径。针对中国传统村落面临的现代文明与农耕文明的冲突和面向国家乡村振兴与中国式现代化的重大战略需求,需采用“自上而下”和“自下而上”相结合的方式,构建多元主体参与、农文旅有机融合和全面统筹协调的多元融合机制,通过挖掘传统村落内生增长因素和传统村落历史传承和文脉肌理、发挥村民主体作用、重塑传统村落公共文化空间体系和全方位数字孪生建模等,打造符合现代化发展与生态文明建设的人居环境和协同共建文化图谱。(2)面向乡村振兴与中国式现代化发展的中国传统村落保护与利用的核心主题与具体空间实践。聚焦传统村落分类施策、产业转型、有机更新、景观保护、活态化、价值实现、主体驱动、空间治理和地方性重构等核心主题,强化基于“生计、水、粮食、能源、土地”等关键要素耦合的传统村落划分及分类施策;关注传统村落产业转型The protection and utilization of traditional villages is not only a major practical issue to realize China's rural revitalization and Chinese-style modernization,but also a hot topic in the integration and cross-research of geography,sociology,planning,economics and other disciplines.In order to systematically explore the theoretical cognition,practical problems,system mechanism,practical experience and effective path of the protection and utilization of traditional villages in China,11 experts in the research field of traditional villages were invited to conduct interviews.The interview mainly focuses on the classification of Chinese traditional villages from three perspectives:policy change and typical model,macro mechanism and core theme,theoretical cognition and practical path,and focuses on specific practices such as industrial integration,landscape protection,vitality,value realization,subject drive,spatial governance and locality,based on the theoretical understanding of the macro system and mechanism for the protection and utilization of Chinese traditional villages.Advanced theoretical and practical issues such as industrial integration,landscape protection,organic renewal,vitality,value realization,subject drive,spatial governance and locality were discussed in depth.According to the main views of the experts,the protection and utilization of China's traditional villages in the new era should focus on:(1)The main problems of protection and utilization of Chinese traditional villages facing the impact of rapid urbanization and modernization,the innovation of mechanism and system,and the realization path.In view of the conflict between modern civilization and agricultural civilization faced by traditional Chinese villages and the major strategic needs for national rural revitalization and Chinese-style modernization,the combination of"top-down"and"bottom-up"is adopted to build a diversified integration mechanism featuring multi-subject participation,organic integration of agriculture,culture and tourism,

关 键 词：乡村振兴 传统村落 保护与利用 有机更新 内生机制 地方性重构 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学] F323[经济管理—产业经济] F592