2021—2023年佛山市三水区学生近视流行情况及矫正状况分析  

Analysis on prevalence and correction status of myopia among students in Sanshui District of Foshan City from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：周开举[1] 黄佳慧 罗敏慧 何永辉[1] ZHOU Kaiju;HUANG Jiahui;LUO Minhui;HE Yonghui(Sanshui District Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Foshan,Foshan,Guangdong 528100,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山市三水区疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528100

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2024年第4期600-602,共3页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：佛山市科学技术局科研项目(222000/005217);佛山市卫生健康局医学科研课题(200220404)。

摘　　要：目的了解学生视力状况和矫正状况,以期为制定学生近视防控与干预政策提供科学参考依据。方法2021—2023年采用分层整群抽样方法抽取佛山市三水区6457名学生开展视力检查和屈光检测,并采用χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析。结果2021—2023年三水区幼儿园和中小学生的总体近视率分别为55.55%、54.52%、52.31%,每年近视率下降幅度超1个百分点;学生近视率、戴镜率随学段的升高呈现上升趋势(χ^(2)=1405.666、501.030,P<0.01);女生总体近视率明显高于男生,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.537,P<0.01)。结论佛山市三水区学生近视率仍居高位,低学段近视学生戴镜率与足矫率处于低水平。应继续加强近视宣传和干预,有效防控近视。Objective To understand the visual and correction status of students in Sanshui,in order to provide scientific reference for the prevention and control of myopia and intervention police.Methods From 2021 to 2023,6457 students in Sanshui were selected by stratified cluster sampling method to conduct visual acuity examination and dioptric detection.Statistical analysis was used by chi-square test.Results The total myopia rate of students in Sanshui from 2021 to 2023 were 55.55%,54.52%and 52.31%,the annual decrease in myopia rate exceeded one percentage point.The myopia rate and the rate of spectacles use among students showed an upward trend with the increase of academic stage(χ^(2)=1405.666,501.030,P<0.01).The overall myopia rate of girls was higher than boys,and the difference is statistically significant(χ^(2)=16.537,P<0.01).Conclusion The myopia rate of students in Sanshui District of Foshan City is still high,and the rate of spectacles use and full correction among myopia students in lower grades is at a low level.Myopia publicity and intervention should be focused to prevent and control myopia effectively.

关 键 词：近视 患病率 戴镜率 足矫率 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]