温州市学龄前儿童视力发育现况调查及影响因素分析  

Investigation of visual development and analysis of its influencing factors in preschool children in Wenzhou City

作　　者：唐汉彦 孙建乐 周玉润 TANG Hanyan;SUN Jianle;ZHOU Yurun(Wenzhou Health Maternal and Child Guidance Center,Wenzhou,Zhejiang 325000,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市健康妇幼指导中心,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2024年第4期603-606,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：浙江省市县级科技计划项目(2022Y1308)。

摘　　要：目的了解温州市学龄前儿童视力发育现状及影响因素,为学龄前儿童视力保护工作提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法选取2021年5月—2023年5月温州市托幼机构的106797例学龄前儿童作为研究对象,并对其开展视力检查,分析学龄前儿童视力发育现况。采用二元logistic回归模型分析温州市学龄前儿童视力发育异常的影响因素。结果106797例温州市学龄前儿童中,视力发育异常15726例,发生率为14.73%。视力发育异常组年龄≥4岁、居住环境采光状况不良、户外活动时间<1 h/d、电子屏幕使用时间≥1 h/d占比均高于视力发育正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。温州市学龄前儿童视力发育异常的危险因素包括年龄≥4岁、居住环境采光状况不良、户外活动时间<1 h/d、电子屏幕使用时间≥1 h/d。结论温州市学龄前儿童视力发育异常风险较高,可能受年龄、居住环境采光、户外活动时间、电子屏幕使用时间等因素影响。Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of visual development in preschool children in Wenzhou City,and provide scientific basis for the protection of preschool children’s vision.Methods From May 2021 to May 2023,106797 preschool children in Wenzhou kindergartens were selected by cluster sampling method to carry out visual examination,and the abnormal visual development of preschool children was analyzed.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influential factors of visual dysplasia in preschool children in Wenzhou City.Results There were 15726 cases(14.73%)of 106797 preschool children in Wenzhou had abnormal visual acuity development.The proportion of patients with abnormal vision development group aged≥4 years old,poor lighting in the living envioronment,outdoor activity time<1 h/d and electronic screen use time≥1 h/d were higher than those in normal visual development group(all P<0.05).The risk factors for abnormal vision development of preschool children in Wenzhou included age≥4 years old,poor lighting in residential environment,outdoor activity time<1 h/d and electronic screen use time≥1 h/d.Conclusion The risk of abnormal visual acuity development of preschool children in Wenzhou City is higher,which may be affected by age,living environment lighting,outdoor activity time and electronic screen use time.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 视力发育异常 弱视 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]