早产儿学龄前屈光不正的影响因素  

Influencing Factors of Preschool Ametropia in Premature Infants

作　　者：夏萍[1] 胡婷欣[1] 陈晓桦 Xia Ping;Hu Tingxin;Chen Xiaohua(Department of Ophthalmology,Zhongshan People's Hospital,Zhongshan 528400,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中山市人民医院眼科,广东中山528400

出　　处：《中外医药研究》2024年第22期48-50,共3页JOURNAL OF CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY RESEARCH

基　　金：中山市人民医院科研项目(编号:2022A020258)。

摘　　要：目的:分析早产儿学龄前屈光不正的影响因素。方法:选取2023年1—6月于中山市人民医院进行眼科检查的学龄前早产儿250例作为研究对象,通过调查问卷形式统计其临床资料。统计儿童的屈光正常、屈光不正发生情况,比较屈光正常组、屈光不正组屈光状态情况,分析早产儿学龄前屈光不正的影响因素。结果:屈光正常组角膜屈光力、眼轴长度、前房深度高于屈光不正组,晶状体厚度低于屈光不正组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。屈光正常组胎龄、出生体质量高于屈光不正组,每天近距离学习时间短于屈光不正组,每天户外活动时间长于屈光不正组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组性别、年龄、娩出方式、体质量、胎龄、父母屈光状态情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。胎龄小、出生体质量低、每天近距离学习时间长、每天户外活动时间短是早产儿学龄前屈光不正的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:中山地区早产儿学龄前屈光不正表现为角膜屈光力弱、前房浅、晶状体厚、眼轴长度短。胎龄小、出生体质量低、每天近距离学习时间长、每天户外活动时间短是早产儿学龄前屈光不正的危险因素,应重视相关情况,早期治疗早产儿屈光状态发育相关眼病。Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of preschool ametropia in preterm infants.Methods:Two hundred and fifty preschool preterm infants who underwent eye examination in Zhongshan People's Hospital from January to June 2023 were selected as the study objects,and their clinical data were collected by questionnaire.The incidence of normal refraction and ametropia in children were counted,and the ametropia of normal refractive group and ametropia group were compared.The influencing factors of preschool ametropia in preterm infants were analyzed.Results:Corneal refractive power,axial length and anterior chamber depth in normal refractive group were higher than those in ametropia group,and lens thickness was lower than those in ametropia group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The gestational age and birth weight of normal refractive group were higher than those of ametropia group,the daily proximity learning time was shorter than that of ametropia group,and the daily outdoor activity time was longer than that of ametropia group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in gender,age,delivery mode,body mass,gestational age and refractive status of parents between the two groups(P>0.05).Small gestational age,low birth weight,long daily close learning time and short daily outdoor activities were the risk factors for preschool ametropia of preterm infants(P<0.05).Conclusion:Preschool ametropia of preterm infants in Zhongshan area show weak corneal refractive power,shallow anterior chamber,thick lens and short axis length.Small gestational age,low birth weight,long daily close learning time and short daily outdoor activities are risk factors for preschool ametropia of preterm infants.Attention should be paid to relevant conditions and early treatment of refractive state developing-related eye diseases of preterm infants.

关 键 词：早产儿 屈光不正 危险因素 学龄前 

分 类 号：R778.2[医药卫生—眼科]