晋升激励何以通往有效治理——基于乡镇人事结构的分析  

How the Promotion Incentives Lead to the Effective Governance:Analysis Based on the Township Personnel Structure

作　　者：杜鹏[1] DU Peng(School of Sociology,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350)

机构地区：[1]南开大学社会学院,天津300350

出　　处：《长白学刊》2024年第5期30-41,共12页Changbai Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“乡村振兴背景下的人居环境建设实践与生活治理机制研究”(22BSH074)。

摘　　要：人事结构是治理结构的深层基础。面对一线治理场景,乡镇政府通过灵活的干部流动路径优化人力资源配置,激发乡镇干部的主体性。同时,乡镇干部流动过程中存在着基于年龄、身份、学历等条件的激励效应分化,塑造了“流动者”与“沉淀者”相反相成的人事结构。流动与沉淀是乡镇人事结构再生产的双重维度,且形塑了乡镇二元人事结构。其中,前者维系了乡镇治理结构的适应性和开放性,后者维系了乡镇治理结构的稳定性和嵌入性。乡镇人事结构的二元分化与一线治理场景中的整体主义取向存在张力。过度强调年轻化、规范化和专业化的用人导向和晋升标准,可能强化人事激励的排斥效应,打破乡镇人事结构的动态均衡,不但导致“流动者”脱嵌于一线治理情境,而且导致更多干部“沉淀”下来难以调动。可见,乡镇人事结构是晋升激励效应转化为治理效能的媒介。应着眼于乡镇整体的人事结构,构建富有包容性的人事激励机制,以提高乡镇整体性治理能力。Personnel structure is the deep foundation of governance structure.Facing the front-line governance situation,township governments optimize the allocation of human resources and stimulate the subjectivity of township cadres through flexible personnel flow paths.The incentive effect of township personnel flow is differentiated based on age,identity,education background and other conditions,which creates the opposite and complementary personnel structure of“migrants”and“precipitators”.Flow and sedimentation are the dual dimensions of the reproduction of personnel structure in townships,which shape the dualistic personnel structure in townships.Among them,the former maintains the adaptability and openness of township governance structure,while the latter maintains the stability and embeddedness of township governance structure.There is a tension between the dualistic differentiation of township personnel structure and the holistic orientation in grassroots governance scenarios.Overemphasizing the employment orientation and promotion standards of youthfulness,standardization and specialization may strengthen the exclusionary effect of personnel incentives and break the dynamic balance of township personnel structure.These will not only lead to the detachment of“migrants”from grassroots governance situations,but also result in more cadres“precipitation”and being difficult to mobilize.It can be seen that township personnel structure is the medium through which promotion incentive effect is transformed into governance efficiency.We should focus on the overall personnel structure of the township and build an inclusive personnel incentive mechanism to improve the overall governance capability of township.

关 键 词：干部流动 人事结构 干部晋升 乡镇治理 包容性激励 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]