和田设施温室6个葡萄品种光合和叶绿素荧光日变化特征  

Diurnal variation characteristics of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of six grape varieties in greenhouse in Hotan area

作　　者：郭雅文 薛婧 宋光永 苏学德[2] 杨克箐 周龙[1] GUO Yawen;XUE Jing;SONG Guangyong;SU Xuede;YANG Keqing;ZHOU Long(College of Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Forestry Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;Jinze Wine Co.,Ltd.,Hotan,Xinjiang 848007,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农垦科学院林园所,新疆石河子832000 [3]新疆金泽酒业有限公司,新疆和田848007

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2024年第8期1208-1217,共10页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目“户太系列葡萄品种引进及配套栽培关键技术研发”(2020B01003)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨和田地区设施温室葡萄品种光合和叶绿素荧光日变化特征,综合评价其光合能力强弱,为该地区温室葡萄引种及栽培管理措施制定提供参考依据。【方法】以新疆和田地区设施温室引入的6个葡萄品种为材料,测定各品种光合有效辐射(PAR)、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、光合与叶绿素荧光参数,并利用主成分分析对各鲜食葡萄品种光合能力进行综合性评价。【结果】(1)设施温室PAR在不同位置总体表现出棚前>棚后>棚中,在不同架面位置总体表现为架上>架中>架下。(2)葡萄叶片SPAD值在不同架面位置表现为架上>架中>架下,在品种间由高到低依次为‘克瑞森无核’‘夏黑’‘新郁’‘户太八号’‘阳光玫瑰’‘妮娜女皇’。(3)各品种叶片P_(n)、G_(s)、T_(r)均呈现出双峰形日变化曲线,C i总体呈现U形或W形日变化规律;F_(v)/F_(o)与F_(v)/F_(m)总体上呈现先下降后上升的日变化规律。(4)6个葡萄品种的光合能力表现为‘克瑞森无核’>‘夏黑’>‘阳光玫瑰’>‘新郁’>‘户太八号’>‘妮娜女皇’。【结论】‘克瑞森无核’和‘夏黑’相比其他品种有较高的P_(n)、G_(s)、T_(r)、F_(o)、F_(m)和较低的F_(v)/F_(o)与F_(v)/F_(m),能够适应和田地区的高温与高光强设施环境。[Objective]The diurnal variation characteristics of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence of greenhouse grape varieties in Hotan area were investigated,and their photosynthetic capacity was comprehensively evaluated,in order to provide reference for the introduction and cultivation management of greenhouse grapes in this area.[Methods]Six grape varieties were introduced into Hotan greenhouse as materials.The photosynthetic active radiation(PAR),relative chlorophyll content(SPAD),photosynthesis,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of each variety were analyzed,and the principal component analysis was used to comprehensively evaluate the ability of each grape variety.[Results](1)The photosynthetically active radiation PAR levels of greenhouse in different positions were in the order:Before the shed>behind the shed>middle of the shed,while the overall performance in different trellis was in the order:On the trellis>middle of the trellis>under the trellis.(2)The SPAD values of grape leaves on different trellis were in the order:on the trellis>middle of the trellis>under the trellis,while the order from high to low among varieties:‘Crimson Seedless’,‘Summer Black’,‘Xinyu’,‘Hutai 8’,‘Sunshine Muscat’,and‘Queen Nina’.(3)The diurnal variation of P_(n),G_(s),and T_(r) of each variety showed a bimodal curve,and the diurnal variation of C i showed a U-shaped and W-shaped variation.F_(v)/F_(o) and F_(v)/F_(m) generally showed a downward trend and then an upward trend.(4)The photosynthetic capacity of the six grape varieties was in the order:‘Crimson Seedless’>‘Summer Black’>‘Sunshine Muscat’>‘Xinyu’>‘Hutai 8’>‘Queen Nina’.[Conclusion]‘Crimson Seedless’and‘Summer Black’have higher P_(n)、G_(s)、T_(r)、F_(o)、F_(m) and lower F_(v)/F_(o) and F_(v)/F_(m),which are able to adapt to the Hotan environment of high temperature and high light intensity.

关 键 词：和田 设施温室 葡萄品种 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] S663.1[农业科学—果树学]