宋代隐逸观的调和与演变  

The Reconciliation and Evolution of Reclusion in the Song Dynasty

作　　者：张帆帆 ZHANG Fanfan(College of International Education,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学国际教育学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期104-110,共7页Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Social Sciences)

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划重点项目(20BHBJ05);青岛大学社会科学基金项目(RZ2100004829)。

摘　　要：宋代隐逸名目繁多,隐逸形式多样。宋代隐逸观的冲突,主要在“小隐”和“大隐”间展开。而二者争论的焦点,主要集中在隐居形式和隐居目的两个方面。二者争论的过程中,调和求中的“中隐”观大肆发展。“中隐”,最初是指一种兼得仕隐佳趣的隐逸方式,宋人则将其发展成一种形而上的具有普遍指导意义的行为准则即“道隐”。“道隐”观的出现,与宋代理学的兴盛以及儒、释、道三教合一的发展趋势有关。对“道”的重视,使得宋人论“隐”时从“形隐”向“心隐”过渡的痕迹明显。宋人讲“心隐”时,多追求适性之乐,“孔颜乐处”“曾点气象”等内圣之学遂成为隐者的致力方向。Yin or reclusion in the Song Dynasty is entitled with diverse names and takes on various forms.The conflict mainly lies in Xiaoyin(quasi-reclusion)and Dayin(ultra-reclusion),with the focus on two dimensions of form and purpose.In the course of the debate there arises Zhongyin(semi-reclusion),which aims to reconcile and harmonize the two conflicting views.Initially the concept of Zhongyin referred to a kind of reclusion as an official,which was later developed into a metaphysical code of conduct of universal guidance of Daoyin(Taoist reclusion).The emergence of Daoyin is related with the flourishing Neo-Confucianism and integration of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism.Emphasis on Tao leaves a trace on transition from Xingyin(bodily reclusion)to Xinyin(spiritual reclusion)among the Song people,who pursued internal sageliness with commitment to spiritual cultivation.

关 键 词：宋代 大隐 小隐 中隐 道隐 

分 类 号：B244[哲学宗教—中国哲学] I206.2[文学—中国文学]