新质生产力如何助力能源体系变革?——兼论新型能源体系构建  

How New Quality Productive Forces Promote Energy System Transformation:A Study on the Construction of the Industrial Chain of the New Energy System

作　　者：陈星星 任羽菲[4] CHEN Xingxing;REN Yufei

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学应用经济学院 [2]中国社会科学院数量经济与技术经济研究所 [3]中国数量经济学会 [4]华北电力大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期130-148,共19页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：中国社会科学院智库基础研究项目“‘双碳’背景下新型能源体系建设研究”(23ZKJC073);国家社会科学基金项目“增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性与提升国际循环质量和水平研究”(22VRC082);国家社会科学基金重大项目“区域协同推进碳达峰碳中和路径与政策研究”(22ZDA114)。

摘　　要：加快培育发展新质生产力是能源体系变革,推动能源科技实现高水平发展的重要机遇,是保障国家能源安全的必由之路。“十四五”规划以来,中国能源制度从加快构建现代能源体系为核心,到进一步提出加快建设新型能源体系,能源制度变迁显著推动了中国能源体系绿色转型。以新一轮科技革命为代表的新质生产力,为能源体系建设发展提供了重要战略机遇,也是中国能源体系建设迈向高质量发展的关键抉择。新质生产力如何为能源体系变革提供持续动力,在供给侧与需求侧的牵引下实现能源体系产业跃迁,对未来能源体系建设发展具有重要意义。本文根据马克思主义生产力理论和马克思价值链分工思想,通过梳理中国能源制度的发展变迁和阶段特征,系统分析新质生产力在能源体系变革中的关键作用。在分析新型能源体系产业链全局供需关系现状的基础上,从体制侧、供给侧、需求侧和技术侧的角度,系统研究光伏、风电和新能源汽车三大支柱产业,在关键原材料和核心技术方面的壁垒、安全隐患和制约因素。研究表明,要落实统筹协调的机制改革,做好新型能源体系的“顶层设计”,激发能源产业的新质生产力。通过建立集约高效的跨区通道,优化能源供需体系,形成能源供给的新质生产力。加快释放冗余产能,推动产业融合发展,打造能源协同的新质生产力。提升自主可控水平,突破数字能源技术,发展数字能源的新质生产力。With the intensification of global climate change and the growing resource depletion,promoting energy system transformation and achieving the“dual carbon”goals have become crucial strategic objectives for China s development.New quality productive forces,as the product of the modern scientific and technological revolution,are the key driving forces for the transformation of the energy system.In recent years,while accelerating the construction of a modern energy system,China has further proposed the task of accelerating the construction of a new energy system to achieve a green,low-carbon transition and high-quality development of the energy system.However,in the process of constructing the new energy system,effectively cultivating and leveraging new quality productive forces,optimizing the energy supply-demand structure,and enhancing overall productivity remain significant challenges and uncertainties.This study is based on the Marxist theory of productive forces and the concept of value chain division of labor.It systematically analyzes the development and characteristics of China s energy system and delves into the critical role of new quality productive forces in the transformation of the energy system.From four perspectives of the mechanism reform,supply-side,demand-side,and technology-side,this study comprehensively examines the barriers,safety hazards,and constraints of the three pillar industries:photovoltaics,wind power,and new energy vehicles,concerning key raw materials and core technologies.By analyzing the overall supply-demand relationship of the new energy system s industry chain,this study proposes a series of policy recommendations aimed at cultivating new quality productive forces and promoting the formation and development of the new energy system.This paper expands on existing research in the following aspects.First,this study combines the Marxist theory of productive forces and the concept of value chain division of labor to systematically analyze the role of new quality productive forces

关 键 词：新质生产力 新型能源体系 产业链 数字能源 能源新质生产力 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]