清水河不同功能区水体微生物群落结构特征  

Structure Characteristics of Microbial Communities in Different Functional Regions of Qingshui River

作　　者：刘伟 刘昊洋 马立山[1] 王佳伟 谢银财 张海岛 薛小佳 杨国丽[1] 李军 LIU Wei;LIU Haoyang;MA Lishan;WANG Jiawei;XIE Yincai;ZHANG Haidao;XUE Xiaojia;YANG Guoli;LI Jun(Hebei Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources,Hebei University of Architecture,Zhangjiakou 075000,China;Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi,Institute of Karst Ceology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004,China;International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization,Guilin 541004,China;Zhangjiakou Municipal Water Supply Corporation,Zhangjiakou 075000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北建筑工程学院,河北省水质工程与水资源综合利用重点实验室,河北张家口075000 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [3]联合国教科文组织国际岩溶研究中心,广西桂林541004 [4]张家口市政水务有限责任公司,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第7期8-18,共11页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：河北省教育厅青年基金项目(2022QNJS05,QN2020424);广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFBA220065)。

摘　　要：微生物菌群在地表河水物质循环、能量转换和信息传递过程中起着关键调控作用。为探究清水河不同功能区水体微生物群落结构特征,维持清水河生态系统长期稳定,作者于农业区和城市区河段共采集地表河水样品20组,基于水文地球化学方法、高通量测序技术及生物信息分析,综合揭示了清水河不同功能区水体微生物群落结构及其与地表河水化学组分间相互作用关系。结果表明:地表河水总体呈弱碱性(8.35≤p H≤9.44),化学类型主要为HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg水(80%),其次为Cl-Ca·Mg水(20%)。农业区河段水化学组分主要受碳酸盐岩溶解和农业施肥排放控制,城市区河段水化学组分主要受上游水体和城市居民生活排放影响。不同功能区水体微生物群落结构存在差异,城市河道及两岸硬化导致城市区河段微生物多样性低于农业区河段。农业区河段优势菌属为Limnohabitans、Rhodobacter和Flavobacterium,城市区河段优势菌属为Cyanobium_PCC-6307、Limnohabitans和norank_f_norank_o_Chloroplast。水化学因子对微生物群落结构影响程度顺序为NO_(3)^(-)(P=0.001)>SO_(4)^(2-)(P=0.003)>DO(P=0.071)>pH(P=0.222),其中农业施肥排放的NO_(3)^(-)对微生物群落结构影响最为显著。微生物硝化作用加重了农业区河段NO_(3)^(-)污染程度,而反硝化作用有效降低了过渡区河段NO_(3)^(-)浓度。Microbial communities play a crucial role in the processes of material cycling,energy conversion,and information transfer in river water.Analyzing the distribution characteristics of microbial community structure is crucial for preserving the long-term stability of river water ecosystems.In order to investigate the structure characteristics of the microbial communities and the relationships between microbial communities and hydrochemical compositions in agricultural region and urban region of Qingshui River,a total of 20 river water samples,including 13 samples from the agricultural region and 7 samples from the urban region,were collected from the River.The hydrogeochemical methods,high-throughput sequencing technology,and bioinformatics analysis were used to determine the relationships between microbial communities and hydrochemical compositions in the different functional regions of the River.The results showed that river water is generally weakly alkaline water(8.35≤pH≤9.44).The chemical type of river water is mainly HCO_(3)-Ca·Mg water(80%),followed by Cl-Ca·Mg water(20%).Hydrochemical compositions in agricultural region were mainly controlled by the carbonate dissolution and agricultural fertilization inputs,while these in the unban region were primarily affected by the upstream hydrochemical characteristics and unban discharges.The hardening of river bottoms and its banks resulted in lower level of microbial diversity in the urban region than that in the agricultural region,and further caused the differences in microbial community structure.Limnohabitans,Rhodobacter and Flavobacterium were identified as the main genus in the agricultural region,and Cyanobium_PCC-6307,Limnohabitans and norank_f_norank_o_Chloroplast were the primary genus in the urban region.The order of the influence of hydrochemical factors on microbial community structure was NO_(3)-(P=0.001)>SO_(4)^(2-)(P=0.003)>DO(P=0.071)>pH(P=0.222),and among these NO_(3)-emitted from agricultural fertilization has the most significant impact on

关 键 词：微生物群落 水化学组分 高通量测序 功能区 清水河 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52