毛木耳蛛网病致病菌生物学特性及杀菌剂敏感性分析  

Biological characteristics and fungicide sensitivities of Hypomyces mycophilus causing cobweb disease of Auricularia cornea

作　　者：谢江涛 覃再丽 刘雪 刘江 田风华 XIE Jiangtao;QIN Zaili;LIU Xue;LIU Jiang;TIAN Fenghua(Department of Plant Pathology,College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China;Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,Jilin,China;Guiyang Vegetable Technology Extension Station,Guiyang 550081,Guizhou,China;Industry Technology System of Edible Fungi in Guizhou Province,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院植物保护植物病理教研室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学食用菌研究院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]吉林农业大学食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,吉林长春130118 [4]贵阳市蔬菜技术推广站,贵州贵阳550081 [5]贵州省食用菌产业技术体系,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《菌物学报》2024年第8期13-22,共10页Mycosystema

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般199);贵州省食用菌产业技术体系(GZMARS-SYJ-2024-2026);贵州省教育厅产业导师服务乡村振兴产业发展示范基地(黔教技[2022]071号)。

摘　　要：2022年6月贵州省贵阳市毛木耳Auricularia cornea栽培基地有蛛网病发生,发病率可达30%,经鉴定该病原菌为真菌菌寄生Hypomyces mycophilus。为深入了解和防控该病害,本研究对病原菌的生物学特性进行了探究,并利用菌丝生长抑制法测定了病原菌对4种生物源农药和3种化学农药的敏感性。研究发现,该病原菌的最适温度为25℃,最适pH值为6,可溶性淀粉、酵母浸粉和孟加拉红琼脂培养基对菌丝生长有利,光照条件无显著性影响。杀菌剂敏感性分析表明,枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂和丙环唑乳油对病原菌都有较强的抑制作用,EC_(50)分别为0.018 mg/L和0.022 mg/L,且0.100 mg/L的枯草芽孢杆菌对毛木耳菌丝生长的抑制率为12.63%,表明枯草芽孢杆菌在真菌菌寄生和毛木耳中具有较好的选择毒性。该研究结果将为毛木耳蛛网病的防控提供一定的理论依据。In June 2022,cobweb disease of Auricularia cornea occurred in Guiyang,Guizhou Province,with an incidence of up to 30%.The pathogen was identified as Hypomyces mycophilus.The biological characteristics and sensitivities to four biological pesticides and three chemical pesticides of the pathogen were studied.The results showed that the temperature of 25℃and pH 6 were optimum for the growth of the pathogen.Soluble starch,yeast extract and rose bengal agar medium were beneficial to mycelial growth,and light conditions had no significant effect.The sensitivities of four biogenic fungicides and three chemical fungicides to the pathogen were determined by mycelial growth inhibition method.The results showed that both Bacillus subtilis WP and propiconazole EC had strong inhibitory effects on the pathogen,with EC_(50) values of 0.018 and 0.022 mg/L,respectively.The inhibition rates of 0.100 mg/L of B.subtilis WP on the mycelial growth of A.cornea were 12.63%,indicating that B.subtilis WP had good selective toxicity for H.mycophilus and was avirulent to A.cornea.The results of this study proved that B.subtilis WP was suitable for the prevention and control of cob-web disease of A.cornea.

关 键 词：毛木耳 蛛网病 真菌寄生菌 杀菌剂筛选 选择毒性 

分 类 号：S436.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]