2020—2022年青岛地区手足口病病原谱及柯萨奇病毒A6型青岛株VP1区基因特征分析  

Analysis of the pathogen spectrum of hand,foot and mouth disease and the genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus A6 in Qingdao from 2020 to 2022

作　　者：宫金伶[1] 肖思颖 梁荣香 朱顺昕 孙睿 Gong Jinling;Xiao Siying;Liang Rongxiang;Zhu Shunxin;Sun Rui(Viral Disease Testing Institute,Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingdao 266000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省青岛市疾病预防控制中心病毒性疾病检验所,青岛266000

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2024年第8期713-717,共5页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：目的了解2020—2022年青岛市手足口病病原学特征和柯萨奇病毒A6型(coxsackievirus A6,CVA6)的VP1基因进化特征,为手足口病的防控工作提供依据。方法利用荧光RT-PCR对青岛地区2020—2022年的手足口病患者咽拭子样本进行总肠道病毒(EV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)、CVA16、CVA6和CVA10检测,并对CVA6阳性分离株进行VP1基因全长序列扩增及基因序列测定,以MEGA-X软件进行系统发育及分子特征分析。结果1645份手足口病患者样本中肠道病毒总阳性率为80.73%(1328/1645)。EV71、CVA16、CVA6、CVA10及其他肠道病毒构成比分别为0.08%(1/1328)、19.65%(261/1328)、68.15%(905/1328)、0.98%(13/1328)、11.14%(148/1328),5岁以下儿童占全部病例的75.68%(1245/1645),占重症病例的100%(2/2)。获得的45株CVA6 VP1区基因测序绘制了基因树,属于D3a亚型,基因进化分析其VP1区蛋白质发生了10处氨基酸的非同义突变。结论2020—2022年青岛地区手足口病以CVA6 D3a亚型为主要流行株,且在5岁以下高发。ObjectiveTo investigate the etiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)and the VP1 gene evolution of coxsackievirus A6(CVA6)in Qingdao from 2020 to 2022.MethodsTotal enterovirus(EV),enterovirus 71(EV71),coxsackievirus A16(CVA16),CVA6 and coxsackievirus A10(CVA10)were detected by fluorescent RT-PCR in throat swab samples from HFMD patients in Qingdao from 2020 to 2022.The full-length sequence amplification of VP1 gene and gene sequence determination of CVA6 isolates were performed,and the phylogenetic and molecular characteristics were analyzed by MEGA-X software.ResultsThe overall positive rate of enteroviruses in 1645 samples collected during 2020-2021 was 80.73%(1328/1645).The proportions of EV71,CVA16,CVA6,CVA10 and other enteroviruses were 0.08%(1/1328),19.65%(261/1328),68.15%(905/1328),0.98%(13/1328)and 11.14%(148/1328),respectively.Children under 5 years old accounted for 75.68%(1245/1645)of all cases and 100%(2/2)of severe cases.A phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the VP1 region sequences of 45 CVA6 strains showing all strains belonging to the D3a subtype.There were 10 non-synonymous mutations of amino acids in the VP1 protein by gene evolution analysis.ConclusionsCVA6 D3a subtype is the main epidemic strain causing HFMD in Qingdao from 2020 to 2022,especially in children under 5 years old.

关 键 词：手足口病 病原谱 流行病学特征 柯萨奇病毒A6型 系统进化分析 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]