植物CRISPR/Cas无外源DNA基因组编辑技术研究进展  

Advances in the CRISPR/Cas DNA-Free Genome Editing in Plant

作　　者：陆地 胡春华[1] 盛鸥[1] 杨乔松[1] 窦同心[1] 何维弟 邓贵明[1] 高慧君[1] 刘思文 李春雨[1] 董涛[1] 易干军[1] 毕方铖[1] LU Di;HU Chunhua;SHENG Ou;YANG Qiaosong;DOU Tongxin;HE Weidi;DENG Guiming;GAO Huijun;LIU Siwen;LI Chunyu;DONG Tao;YI Ganjun;BI Fangcheng(Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Tree Biology and Genetic Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Research,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Horticulture and Forestry,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所/农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华中农业大学园艺林学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《园艺学报》2024年第8期1927-1948,共22页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000900);国家自然科学基金项目(32172544);广州市科学研究重点项目(201904020033);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-31-01);广东省农科院中青年人才培养项目(R2023PY-JG003);广东省农业村厅香蕉种业创新园项目(2022-NJS-00-001)。

摘　　要：CRISPR/Cas基因组编辑技术已成为作物遗传改良的重要工具。常见的农杆菌介导或基因枪投送DNA基因组编辑方式会导致外源载体片段整合到植物基因组中,引发消费者对其潜在生物安全的担忧。目前已有部分植物建立了无外源DNA基因组编辑体系,但存在投送效率低、编辑效率低和再生困难等问题。本文中主要对植物CRISPR/Cas无外源DNA基因组编辑体系建立和应用研究中编辑元件载体、介导投送方式及常用的编辑策略等3个方面的进展进行了归纳,总结了存在的主要问题并对未来努力方向进行了展望。CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology has become an important tool for the genetic improvement of crops.However,common genome editing methods of Agrobacterium-mediated or particle bombardment delivery DNA can lead to the integration of exogenous vector fragments into the plant genome,raising consumer concerns about its potential biosafety.At present,some plants have established DNA-free genome editing systems,but there are problems such as low delivery efficiency,low editing efficiency,and regeneration difficulties.In this review,the advances in the establishment and application of plant CRISPR/Cas DNA-free genome editing system were summaried from three aspects:the vector elements,delivery methods and the commonly used editing strategy.The main existing problems and future perspectives were discussed.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas 基因组编辑 无外源DNA 编辑元件载体 介导投送方式 生物安全 

分 类 号：S6[农业科学—园艺学]