成都市居民口腔扁平苔藓患病情况的多中心调查及影响因素分析  

A multicenter study of the prevalence of oral lichen planus among residents in Chengdu City and the influencing factors

作　　者：冯容 刘从厚 周春艳 张也 周冯娟 王容 FENG Rong;LIU Conghou;ZHOU Chunyan;ZHANG Ye;ZHOU Fengjuan;WANG Rong(Jianyang Hospital Affiliated to Chengdu Medical College·Department of Stomatology,Jianyang People's Hospital,Jianyang 641400)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院附属简阳医院·简阳市人民医院口腔科,641400 [2]邛崃市医疗中心医院口腔科 [3]郫都区中医医院口腔科

出　　处：《现代口腔医学杂志》2024年第4期280-284,共5页Journal of Modern Stomatology

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中医药健康养老产业发展重点研究室;四川省中医药健康养老重点实验室开放课题(GZ2022005)。

摘　　要：目的针对就诊于成都市不同医院的口腔扁平苔藓患者,根据患者一般资料、患病情况、疾病症状、临床特征及饮食习惯等做调查并分析其影响因素。方法选取2020年1月-2022年12月来自简阳市人民医院、邛崃市医疗中心医院和郫都区中医医院的533例确诊为口腔扁平苔藓患者为观察组,同时选取同期100名健康志愿者为对照组,根据患者一般资料、患病情况、疾病症状、临床特征及饮食习惯等做调查,并利用二元Logistic回归分析OLP相关独立危险因素。结果病变区域呈现红色或充血状态是OLP患者最常见的症状(62.85%),其次是口腔黏膜病(20.08%)、无症状(7.88%)、表面有粗糙感(6.38%)和伴有溃疡或糜烂(2.81%)。病变部位以颊黏膜最常见(59.29%)。在所有患者中,萎缩型扁平苔藓(56.47%)最为常见。调查OLP常见相关因素,主要包括性别、年龄、婚姻、疾病史、饮食习惯、口腔卫生情况和精神因素等。两组研究对象在医院、婚姻、疾病史、吸烟、喝酒、喝茶、药物过敏、刷牙次数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在性别、年龄、辛辣饮食、烫饮食、硬饮食及精神因素比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:女性、年龄在30~60岁、是辛辣饮食、是烫饮食、是硬饮食及有精神因素是OLP相关独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论成都市OLP患者最常见的症状是病变区域呈现红色或充血状态,病变部位以颊黏膜最常见,萎缩型扁平苔藓最为常见,女性、年龄在30~60岁、是辛辣饮食、是烫饮食、是硬饮食及有精神因素是OLP相关独立危险因素。临床治疗OLP应注意其相关危险因素,去除相关诱因,防止症状加重及病情复发。Objective To investigate the baseline characteristics,disease conditions and symptoms,clinical manifestations and dietary habits of patients with oral lichen planus(OLP)treated in hospitals from Chengdu City,and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods From January 2020 to December 2022,533 patients diagnosed as OLP in the People's Hospital of Jianyang City,Medical Center Hospital of Qionglai City and Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of TCM were enrolled in observation group.A total of 100 healthy volunteers during the same period were enrolled in the control group.Baseline characteristics,disease conditions and symptoms,clinical manifestations and dietary habits of OLP patients were analyzed.Independent risk factors for OLP were recognized by binary logistic regression analysis.Results Redness or congestion lesions(62.85%)were the most common manifestation of OLP,followed by oral mucosal lesions(20.08%),asymptomatic form(7.88%),rough surface(6.38%),and ulcers or erosion(2.81%).The buccal mucosa(59.29%)was the mainly affected site by OLP.Atrophic lichen planus(56.47%)was the most common variate of OLP in our cohort.Relevant factors for OLP were investigated,including the sex,age,marriage,medical history,dietary habits,oral hygiene and mental factors.There were no significant differences in the hospital visits,marriage,medical history,smoking,drinking,tea drinking,drug allergies,and tooth brushing frequency between observation group and control group(P>0.05).Significant differences were detected in the sex,age,spicy diet,hot diet,hard diet and mental factors between groups(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis results showed that female gender,30-60 years of age,spicy diet,hot diet,hard diet and mental factors were independent risk factors for OLP(all P<0.05).Conclusion Redness or congestion lesions are the most common manifestation of OLP patients in Chengdu City,with the most affected site of buccal mucosa and most common variate of atrophic lichen planus.Female gender,30-60 years of age,spicy diet,hot diet,hard

关 键 词：口腔扁平苔藓 病例分析 组织病理学检查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R781.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]