瞪羚企业的创新溢出效应——影响及作用机理考察  

The Innovation Spillover Effect of Gazelle Companies:An Investigation of the Impact and Mechanisms

作　　者：杨金玉 刘贯春 葛震霆 Yang Jinyu;Liu Guanchun;Ge Zhenting

机构地区：[1]四川大学商学院 [2]北京大学光华管理学院 [3]中山大学岭南学院 [4]山大学中观经济学研究院 [5]美国麻省理工大学斯隆管理学院

出　　处：《统计研究》2024年第8期84-97,共14页Statistical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“地方财政压力的区域性银行发展效应与货币政策传导效应研究”(72373169);四川省哲学社会科学基金项目“成渝经济圈高科技人才流动网络对创新的影响机理研究”(SCJJ23ND441);国家资助博士后研究人员计划“重返老东家的动因组态及其创新机理研究”(GZC20231769)。

摘　　要：以科技创新和商业模式创新为支撑的瞪羚企业除了直接推动区域经济外,还可能对现存企业具有创新溢出效应。本文通过爬取超过2万家我国瞪羚企业的详细信息,系统考察瞪羚企业对上市企业创新的影响及其作用机理。研究发现,上市企业周边瞪羚企业数量和平均创新水平显著提高了上市企业创新绩效。机制检验表明,瞪羚企业的创新溢出效应主要作用渠道如下,第一,通过知识溢出影响上市企业创新;第二,通过促进与瞪羚企业合作研发继而提高了企业创新绩效,表明瞪羚企业的创新溢出具有“合作效应”;第三,通过“竞争驱动效应”影响上市企业创新。异质性检验表明,在知识广度较低的上市企业、非国有性质企业以及知识产权保护程度较好的地区中,瞪羚企业的创新溢出效应更为明显。本研究结果为企业如何借助瞪羚企业等新创企业的创新溢出来提高自身创新能力提供实践启示。Gazelle companies,supported by technological innovation and business model innovation,not only directly drive regional economy,but also potentially exert innovation spillover effects on existing firms.By obtaining the detailed information of more than 20000 Chinese gazelle companies,this paper systematically investigates the impact of gazelle companies on the innovation of listed companies and the underlying mechanism.The results show that the number and average innovation level of gazelle companies in the vicinity of listed companies significantly enhance the innovation performance of these listed companies.The mechanism tests indicate that the innovation spillover effects of gazelle companies mainly operate through the following channels.First,they affect the innovation of listed companies through knowledge spillover.Second,they improve corporate innovation performance by promoting R&D cooperation with gazelle companies,indicating a collaboration effect.Third,they influence the innovation of listed companies through a competition-driven effect.The heterogeneity tests show that the innovation spillover effect of gazelle companies is more pronounced in listed companies with lower knowledge breadth,non-state-owned enterprises,and regions with better intellectual property protection.The results of this study provide practical insights on how firms can leverage the innovation spillover from new ventures like gazelle companies to enhance their own innovation.

关 键 词：瞪羚企业 创新溢出 合作研发 竞争驱动 大数据挖掘 

分 类 号：F276[经济管理—企业管理]