基于HS-GC-MS技术探讨不同炮制方法对苍术挥发性成分的影响  

Influence of different processing methods on volatile components of Atractylodis Rhizoma based on HS-GC-MS technology

作　　者：徐城 孟令邦 卢美琪 黄心悦 王鑫 龚飞鹏[1] 龚千锋[1] 于欢[1] XU Cheng;MENG Ling-bang;LU Mei-qi;HUANG Xin-yue;WANG Xin;GONG Fei-peng;GONG Qian-feng;YU Huan(Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学,江西南昌330004

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第16期4427-4436,共10页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：全国中药特色技术传承人才培训项目(国中医药人教函[2023]96号);江西省中医药中青年骨干人才(第四批)项目(赣中医药科教字[2022]7号)。

摘　　要：苍术的挥发性成分既具有明显的药理作用又被认为是苍术的主要燥性成分,该研究从挥发油变化角度分析苍术不同炮制品的差异,阐述苍术炮制后降燥增效的原因。利用HS-GC-MS技术获取生苍术、麸炒苍术、焦苍术与4种不同工艺的米泔水制苍术挥发性成分,使用SIMCA软件对苍术及其不同炮制品的挥发油成分进行多元统计学分析。在HS-GC-MS结果中共鉴定出87个挥发性成分。在生品中鉴定出76种挥发性成分、麸炒苍术79种、樟帮米泔水制苍术70种、焦苍术81种、湖南米泔水制苍术78种,吉林米泔水制苍术73种、上海米泔水制苍术77种。通过多元统计学分析发现苍术各个炮制品之间具有显著性差异,OPLS-DA模型显示生品与6种炮制品共有28个显著差异性成分。炮制后普遍显著性上升的挥发性成分有11种,分别是α-蒎烯、水芹烯、(1S)-(+)-3-蒈烯、邻异丙基甲苯、D-柠檬烯、α-ocimene、α-异松油烯、silphiperfol-5-ene、silphinene、γ-烯基、germacrene B,可能与其增效有关;炮制后普遍显著性下降的挥发性成分有5种,分别是β-榄香烯、1-methyl-4-(6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl)cyclohexa-1,3-diene、β-selinene、β-倍半水芹烯、苍术酮,可能与其燥性相关。The volatile components of Atractylodis Rhizoma have obvious pharmacological effects and are considered to be the main dry components of Atractylodis Rhizoma.The differences of different processed products of Atractylodis Rhizoma were analyzed from the perspective of volatile oil changes to explain the reasons for dryness reduction and efficacy increase of Atractylodis Rhizoma after processing.HS-GC-MS technology was used to obtain the volatile components of raw Atractylodis Rhizoma,bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma,roasted Atractylodis Rhizoma,and rice-water processed Atractylodis Rhizoma under four different processes,and then SIMCA software was used to analyze the volatile oil components of Atractylodis Rhizoma and its different processed products.A total of 87 volatile components were identified in the HS-GC-MS results.A total of 76 volatile components were identified in raw products;79 volatile components were identified in bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma;70 volatile components were identified in Zhangbang rice-water processed Atractylodis Rhizoma;81 volatile components were identified in roasted Atractylodis Rhizoma;78 volatile components were identified in Hunan rice-water processed Atractylodis Rhizoma;73 volatile components were identified in Jilin rice-water processed Atractylodis Rhizoma,and 77 volatile components were identified in Shanghai rice-water processed Atractylodis Rhizoma.Through multivariate statistical analysis,it was found that there were significant differences between the processed products of Atractylodis Rhizoma.Then,a total of 28 significant differential components between the symbiotic products and the six processed products were established by the OPLS-DA model.Among them,11 volatile components that generally increased significantly after processing wereα-pinene,phellandrene,(1S)-(+)-3-carene,o-isopropyltoluene,D-limonene,α-ocimene,α-isoterpinene,silphiperfol-5-ene,silphinene,γ-alkenyl,and germacrene B,which may be related to their synergistic effect.Five volatile components that

关 键 词：挥发性成分 苍术 多元统计学 HS-GC-MS 中药炮制 

分 类 号：R283.1[医药卫生—中药学]