美国高等教育数字化政策的演变逻辑与价值取向——基于多源流理论的分析视角  

The Evolution Logic and Value Orientation of the Digitization Policy of American Higher Education-Based on the Analysis Perspective of Multiple Streams Theory

作　　者：段世飞 钱跳跳 DUAN Shifei;QIAN Tiaotiao(College of Education,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《外国教育研究》2024年第7期64-81,共18页Studies in Foreign Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“数字时代我国高等教育虚拟国际化的机制创新与路径优化研究”(项目编号:CIA230322)。

摘　　要：利用多源流理论分析美国的高等教育数字化政策具有适切性与合理性。作为高等教育数字化发展的先行者,美国已发布七份代表官方意志的《国家教育技术计划》。从问题源流来看,美国高等教育数字化政策亟须解决学生支持、资金投入与隐私安全方面的问题;从政策源流来看,来自政府内外部“政策企业家”的主动倡议推动了高等教育数字化政策的成文;从政治源流看,执政党理念与国民情绪是影响高等教育数字化政策落地的关键因素。美国高等教育数字化政策生产的价值取向主要体现在创设以学生为中心的高等教育数字化生态、促成多方合作的高等教育数字化伙伴关系以及形成公平包容、终身学习的高等教育数字化体系三方面。在未来,美国高等教育数字化政策将面临“三流力量不均”的挑战,而持续推进“三流耦合”、保持“政策之窗”开启将成为美国高等教育数字化政策生产的主要趋势。The use of multi-source flow theory to analyze the digitalization policy of higher education in the United States is appropriate and reasonable.As a pioneer in the dig⁃ital development of higher education,the United States has released seven National Educa⁃tion Technology Plans representing official will.From the perspective of the source of the problem,the digital policy of higher education in the United States urgently needs to ad⁃dress issues related to student support,funding,and privacy security;From the perspective of policy origins,the proactive initiatives of policy entrepreneurs from both inside and out⁃side the government have promoted the formulation of digital policies in higher education;From the perspective of political origins,the ideology of the ruling party and the national sentiment are the key factors affecting the implementation of digital policies in higher edu⁃cation.The value orientation of digital policies in higher education in the United States is mainly reflected in creating a student-centered digital ecosystem for higher education,pro⁃moting multi-party cooperation in digital partnerships for higher education,and forming a fair,inclusive,and lifelong learning digital system for higher education.In the future,the digitalization policy of higher education in the United States will face the challenge of un⁃even power among the three streams.Continuously promoting the coupling of the three streams and keeping the policy window open will become the main trend in the production of digitalization policies in higher education in the United States.

关 键 词：美国 高等教育 数字化政策 多源流理论 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] G712[文化科学—教育学]