金属橡胶阻尼三向减振器力学特性与环境效应  

Mechanical Characteristics and Environmental Adaptability of a Three-directional Vibration Isolator with Metal-rubber Damper

作　　者：邹路明 郑超 任子林 赵旭 薛新 ZOU Luming;ZHENG Chao;REN Zilin;ZHAO Xu;XUE Xin(Institute of Metal Rubber&Vibration Noise,School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学机械工程及自动化学院金属橡胶与振动噪声研究所,福州350116

出　　处：《机械科学与技术》2024年第8期1323-1332,共10页Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12272094);福建省自然科学面上基金项目(2022J01541)。

摘　　要：为满足精密装备多向循环载荷和多重环境减振降噪需求,设计了一款金属橡胶和斜置矩形弹簧组合式三向减振器,建立了动力学理论模型和动态试验测试系统,分析减振系统固有频率、动刚度和阻尼比在各工况下演变规律。通过理论模型预测与试验相结合方法,分析了激振量级对三向组合式减振器动态力学性能的影响规律,以及在常温、高低温、盐雾和湿热等环境下的动态性能指标变化规律和阻尼耗能机制。研究结果表明:随着激振量级的增加,三向组合式减振器固有频率、动刚度和阻尼比有减小趋势,出现刚度软化现象,动力学理论模型解析分析相关性能演变趋势与试验结果具有较好一致性;在各服役环境工况下,金属橡胶阻尼三向减振器力学性能最大变化率可看出该减振器力学特性具有较高稳定性和一致性。Driven by vibration and noise reduction needs of precision weapons under multi-directional periodic loading conditions and multi-field service environments,a novel three-directional vibration isolator combined metal-rubber damper and inclined rectangular spring was developed.The dynamic model and the corresponding experimental test systems were established.The evolution laws of mechanical performances such as natural frequency,dynamic stiffness and damping ratio under various operating conditions were analyzed.The influences of excitation force on the dynamic performances of three-directional vibration isolator were investigated by means of theoretical and experimental methods.The evolutions of dynamic performances and the mechanism of damping energy dissipation under normal temperature,high and low temperatures,slat-fog and hygrothermal environments were performed respectively.The results indicate that the dynamic performances of three-directional vibration isolator such as natural frequency,dynamic stiffness and damping ratio have been attenuated with the increase of excitation force,and the stiffness softening phenomenon has occurred.The corresponding performance evolutions predicted by theoretical model are consistent with the experimental results.Under the working conditions of each service environment,the maximum rate of change in the dynamic mechanical properties of the vibration isolator combined metal-rubber damper and inclined spring can be seen that the vibration isolator have high stability and consistency.

关 键 词：金属橡胶 三向减振器 动态性能 阻尼耗能 环境效应 

分 类 号：TG14[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB383.4[金属学及工艺—金属材料]